UNITED STATES CODE ANNOTATED

TITLE 2.  THE CONGRESS

CHAPTER 4  -- OFFICERS  AND EMPLOYEES  OF  SENATE  AND  HOUSE  OF
REPRESENTATIVES

Current through P.L. 104-194, approved 9-9-96

Sec. 60c-3.  Withholding and  remittance of  State income  tax by
Secretary of Senate

(a) Agreement  by  Secretary  with  appropriate  State  official;
covered individuals

     Whenever  --

     (1) the  law of  any State provides for the collection of an
income tax  by imposing  upon employers  generally  the  duty  of
withholding sums from the compensation of employees and remitting
such sums to the authorities of such State;  and

     (2) such  duty to withhold is imposed generally with respect
to the compensation of employees who are residents of such State;
then the  Secretary of  the Senate  is authorized,  in accordance
with the  provisions of  this section, to enter into an agreement
with the  appropriate official  of that  State to provide for the
withholding and remittance of sums for individuals  --

     (A) whose pay is disbursed by the Secretary;  and

     (B) who  request the Secretary to make such withholdings for
remittance to that State.

(b) Number of remittances authorized

     Any agreement  entered into  under subsection  (a)  of  this
section shall  not require  the Secretary to remit such sums more
often than once each calendar quarter.

(c) Requests  by individuals  of Secretary  for  withholding  and
remittance;  amount of withholding;  number and effective date of
requests;   change of  designated State;   revocation of request;
rules and regulations

     (1) An  individual whose  pay is  disbursed by the Secretary
may request  the Secretary  to withhold  sums from  his  pay  for
remittance to  the appropriate  authorities of  the State that he
designates.   Amounts of withholdings shall be made in accordance
with those  provisions of  the law  of  that  State  which  apply
generally to withholding by employers.

     (2) An  individual may  have in  effect at any time only one
request for  withholdings, and he may not have more than two such
requests in  effect with  respect to  different States during any
one calendar  year.  The request for withholdings is effective on
the first  day of  the first  month commencing  after the  day on


                 Qualified State Tax References:
                          Page 1 of 148


which the  request is  received in  the Disbursing  Office of the
Senate, except that  --

     (A) when the Secretary first enters into an agreement with a
State, a request for withholdings shall be effective on such date
as the Secretary may determine;  and

     (B) when  an individual  first receives  an appointment, the
request shall  be effective  on the  day of  appointment, if  the
individual makes the request at the time of appointment.

     (3) An individual may change the State designated by him for
the purposes  of having  withholdings made  and request  that the
withholdings be  remitted in  accordance with such change, and he
may also  revoke his request for withholdings.  Any change in the
State designated  or revocation  is effective on the first day of
the first month commencing after the day on which the request for
change or the revocation is received in the Disbursing Office.

     (4)  The   Secretary  is   authorized  to  issue  rules  and
regulations  he   considers  appropriate  in  carrying  out  this
subsection.

(d) Time or times of agreements by Secretary

     The Secretary may enter into agreements under subsection (a)
of  this   section  at   such  time  or  times  as  he  considers
appropriate.

(e) Provisions  as not  imposing  duty,  burden,  requirement  or
penalty on  the United States, Senate, or any officer or employee
of United States;  effect of filing paper, form, or document with
Secretary

     This section  imposes no  duty, burden,  or requirement upon
the United  States, the Senate, or any officer or employee of the
United States,  except as  specifically provided in this section.
Nothing in  this section  shall  be  deemed  to  consent  to  the
application of  any provision  of law  which has  the  effect  of
subjecting the  United States,  the Senate,  or  any  officer  or
employee of  the United  States to  any penalty  or liability  by
reason of  the provisions  of this  section.  Any paper, form, or
document filed  with the  Secretary under this section is a paper
of the  Senate within  the provisions of rule XXX of the Standing
Rules of the Senate.

(f) "State" defined

     For the  purposes of  this section, "State" means any of the
States of the United States and the District of Columbia.

CREDIT(S)

1985 Main Volume

(P.L. 93-371, Sec. 101(2), Aug. 13, 1974, 88 Stat. 427.)



                 Qualified State Tax References:
                          Page 2 of 148


HISTORICAL NOTES

HISTORICAL AND STATUTORY NOTES

References in Text

     The Standing  Rules of  the Senate,  referred to  in subsec.
(e), were  revised generally  in 1979.   Provisions  relating  to
withdrawal of  papers from  the files  of the  Senate which  were
formerly contained  in Rule  XXX of  the Standing  Rules  of  the
Senate are  contained in  Rule XI  of the  Standing Rules  of the
Senate.

REFERENCES

CROSS REFERENCES

Withholding of  District of  Columbia and  State income  taxes by
Clerk and Sergeant at Arms of the House of Representatives, see 2
USCA 60e-1a.

Withholding of  District  of  Columbia  and  State  income  taxes
generally, see 5 USCA 5516 and 5517.

Withholding of  State income  taxes by  Architect of the Capitol,
see 40 USCA 166b-5.

2 USCA  60c-3, Withholding  and remittance of State income tax by
Secretary of Senate

------------ Excerpt from pages 30758-30759


UNITED STATES CODE ANNOTATED

TITLE 2.  THE CONGRESS

CHAPTER 4  -- OFFICERS  AND EMPLOYEES  OF  SENATE  AND  HOUSE  OF
REPRESENTATIVES

Current through P.L. 104-194, approved 9-9-96

Sec.  60e-1a.   Withholding  of   State  income   tax  by   Chief
Administrative Officer of the House

(a) Agreement with proper State official;  covered individuals

     Until otherwise  provided by  law, the  Chief Administrative
Officer of the House of Representatives shall, in accordance with
subsections (b),  (c), and  (d) of  this section  enter  into  an
agreement with  any State,  at the request for agreement from the
proper State  official.   The agreement  shall provide  that  the
Chief Administrative  Officer shall  withhold State income tax in
the case  of each  Member and  employee who  is subject  to  such
income tax and who voluntarily requests such withholding.

(b) Number of remittances authorized


                 Qualified State Tax References:
                          Page 3 of 148


     Any agreement  entered into  under subsection  (a)  of  this
section shall  not require  the Chief  Administrative Officer  to
remit sums  withheld pursuant  to any  such agreement  more often
than once each calendar quarter.

(c) Acceptance  or disapproval of proposed agreement by Committee
on House Administration

     (1) The  Chief Administrative Officer shall, before entering
into any agreement under subsection (a) of this section, transmit
a statement  with  respect  to  the  proposed  agreement  to  the
Committee on House Administration of the House of Representatives
(hereinafter in  this section  and section  60e-1b of  this title
referred to  as the "committee").  Such statement shall set forth
a detailed  description of  the proposed agreement, together with
any other information which the committee may require.

     (2)  If   the  committee   does  not   disapprove,   through
appropriate action,  any proposed  agreement transmitted  to  the
committee under  paragraph (1) no later than ten legislative days
after  receiving   such  proposed   agreement,  then   the  Chief
Administrative Officer  may enter  into such  proposed agreement.
The Chief  Administrative Officer may not enter into any proposed
agreement if  such  proposed  agreement  is  disapproved  by  the
committee under this paragraph.

(d) Number  and  effective  date  of  requests  for  withholding;
change of designated State;  revocation of request

     (1) A Member or employee may have in effect at any time only
one request for withholding under subsection (a) of this section,
and such  Member or  employee may  not have  more than  two  such
requests in  effect with  respect to  different States during any
one calendar  year.   The request for withholding is effective on
the first  day of  the month in which the request is processed by
the Chief  Administrative Officer,  but in no event later than on
the first day of the first month beginning after the day on which
such request  is received  by the  Chief Administrative  Officer,
except that  --

     (A) when  the Chief Administrative Officer first enters into
an agreement with a State under subsection (a) of this section, a
request for  withholding shall  be effective  on such date as the
Chief Administrative Officer may determine;

     (B) when  an individual  first receives an appointment as an
employee,  the   request  shall   be  effective  on  the  day  of
appointment, if  the individual  makes the request at the time of
appointment;  and

     (C) when  an individual  first becomes a Member, the request
shall be  effective on  the day such individual takes the oath of
office as  a Member,  if the individual makes the request at such
time.

     (2) A  Member or employee may change the State designated by


                 Qualified State Tax References:
                          Page 4 of 148


such Member or employee for purposes of having withholdings made,
and may  request that  the withholdings be remitted in accordance
with such  change.   A Member  or employee  also may  revoke  any
request of  such Member  or employee for withholding.  Any change
in the  State designated  or revocation is effective on the first
day of  the month  in which  the request  or  the  revocation  is
processed by  the Chief  Administrative Officer,  but in no event
later than  on the  first day  of the first month beginning after
the day  on which  such request  or revocation is received by the
Chief Administrative Officer.

(e) Provisions  as not  imposing duty,  burden,  requirement,  or
penalty on  United States,  House, or  any officer or employee of
United States;   effect  of filing  paper, form, or document with
Chief Administrative Officer

     This section  and section  60e-1b of  this title  impose  no
duty, burden, or requirement upon the United States, the House of
Representatives, or any officer or employee of the United States,
except as  specifically provided in this section and section 60e-
1b of  this title.  Nothing in this section and section 60e-1b of
this title  shall be  deemed to consent to the application of any
provision of  law which  has the  effect of subjecting the United
States, the  House of Representatives, or any officer or employee
of the United States to any penalty or liability by reason of the
provisions of this section and section 60e-1b of this title.  Any
paper, form, document, or any other item filed with, or submitted
to, the  Chief Administrative  Officer  under  this  section  and
section 60e-1b  of this  title is considered to be a paper of the
House of  Representatives within  the provisions  of the Rules of
the House of Representatives.

CREDIT(S)

1985 Main Volume

(P.L. 94-440, Title II, Sec. 101, Oct. 1, 1976, 90 Stat. 1448.)

1996 Electronic Update

(As amended  P.L. 104-186,  Title II, Sec. 204(4), Aug. 20, 1996,
110 Stat. 1730.)

HISTORICAL NOTES

HISTORICAL AND STATUTORY NOTES

Codification

     Section is  based on  section 1 of House Resolution No. 732,
Ninety-fourth Congress,  Nov. 4,  1975, which  was  enacted  into
permanent law by P.L. 94-440.

Change of Name

     Any reference in any provision of law enacted before Jan. 4,
1995, to  the Committee  on House  Administration of the House of


                 Qualified State Tax References:
                          Page 5 of 148


Representatives treated  as referring  to the  Committee on House
Oversight of the House of Representatives, see section 1(a)(7) of
P.L. 104-14,  set out  as a  note preceding  section 21  of  this
title.

Transfer of Functions

     Any reference in any provision of law enacted before Jan. 4,
1995, to a function, duty, or authority of the Clerk of the House
of Representatives  treated as  referring, with  respect to  that
function, duty,  or authority,  to the  officer of  the House  of
Representatives exercising  that function, duty, or authority, as
determined by  the Committee  on House  Oversight of the House of
Representatives, see  section 2(1)  of P.L.  104-14, set out as a
note preceding section 21 of this title.

     Certain functions  of Clerk and Sergeant at Arms of House of
Representatives transferred  to Director  of Non-legislative  and
Financial Services  by section 7 of House Resolution No. 423, One
Hundred Second  Congress, Apr.  9, 1992.   Any  reference in  any
provision of  law enacted  before Jan.  4, 1995,  to a  function,
duty,  or  authority  of  the  Director  of  Non-legislative  and
Financial Services  treated as  referring, with  respect to  that
function, duty,  or authority,  to the  officer of  the House  of
Representatives exercising  that function, duty, or authority, as
determined by  the Committee  on House  Oversight of the House of
Representatives, see  section 2(4)  of P.L.  104-14, set out as a
note preceding section 21 of this title.

Legislative History

     For legislative  history and  purpose of  P.L. 104-186,  see
1996 U.S. Code Cong. and Adm. News, p. ___.

REFERENCES

CROSS REFERENCES

Definitions for purposes of this section, see 2 USCA 60e-1b.

Withholding of  District of  Columbia and  State income  taxes by
Secretary of the Senate, see 2 USCA 60c-3.

Withholding of  District  of  Columbia  and  State  income  taxes
generally, see 5 USCA 5516 and 5517.

Withholding of  State income  taxes by  Architect of the Capitol,
see 40 USCA 166b-5.

2  USCA   60e-1a,  Withholding  of  State  income  tax  by  Chief
Administrative Officer of the House

------------ Excerpt from pages 30767-30769


UNITED STATES CODE ANNOTATED


                 Qualified State Tax References:
                          Page 6 of 148


TITLE 3.  THE PRESIDENT

CHAPTER 4 -- DELEGATION OF FUNCTIONS

Current through P.L. 104-194, approved 9-9-96

Sec.  301.   General   authorization   to   delegate   functions;
publication of delegations

     The  President   of  the  United  States  is  authorized  to
designate and empower the head of any department or agency in the
executive branch,  or any  official thereof who is required to be
appointed by  and with  the advice  and consent of the Senate, to
perform without  approval, ratification,  or other  action by the
President (1)  any function  which is  vested in the President by
law, or  (2) any  function which  such  officer  is  required  or
authorized by  law  to  perform  only  with  or  subject  to  the
approval,  ratification,   or  other  action  of  the  President:
Provided,  That   nothing  contained  herein  shall  relieve  the
President of  his responsibility  in office  for the  acts of any
such head  or other  official designated  by him  to perform such
functions.   Such  designation  and  authorization  shall  be  in
writing, shall  be published  in the  Federal Register,  shall be
subject  to  such  terms,  conditions,  and  limitations  as  the
President may  deem advisable, and shall be revocable at any time
by the President in whole or in part.

CREDIT(S)

1985 Main Volume

(Added Oct. 31, 1951, c. 655, Sec. 10, 65 Stat. 712.)

[General Materials (GM) - References, Annotations, or Tables]

HISTORICAL NOTES

HISTORICAL AND STATUTORY NOTES

Transfer of Functions

     All functions  vested by law (including reorganization plan)
in the  Bureau of the Budget or the Director of the Bureau of the
Budget were  transferred to the President of the United States by
section 101 of 1970 Reorg. Plan No. 2, eff. July 1, 1970, 35 F.R.
7959, 84  Stat. 2085.   Section  102 of  1970 Reorg. Plan. No. 2,
redesignated the Bureau of the Budget as the Office of Management
and Budget  and the  Director of  the Bureau  of  the  Budget  as
Director  of   the  Office   of  Management   and  Budget.    See
Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1970, set out in Appendix 1 to Title
5, Government Organization and Employees.

Similar Provisions;  Repeal;  Savings Clause

     For similar  provisions contained  in prior  law, and saving
clause in connection therewith, see note preceding this section.



                 Qualified State Tax References:
                          Page 7 of 148


Standards  of   Ethical  Conduct   and  Comprehensive  System  of
Financial Reporting  for Officers  and Employees in the Executive
Branch

     For provisions  relating to standards of ethical conduct for
government officers  and employees, including financial reporting
requirements for  such persons,  see Ex.  Ord. No.  11222, May 8,
1965, 30  F.R. 6469,  as amended, set out as a note under section
201 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure.

Abolition of  Interstate  Commerce  Commission  and  Transfer  of
Functions

     Interstate Commerce  Commission abolished  and functions  of
Commission transferred, except as otherwise provided in P.L. 104-
88, to  Surface Transportation  Board effective  Jan. 1, 1996, by
section 702  of Title 49, Transportation, and section 101 of P.L.
104-88, set  out as  a  note  under  section  701  of  Title  49.
References to  Interstate Commerce  Commission deemed to refer to
Surface Transportation  Board, a member or employee of the Board,
or Secretary  of Transportation,  as appropriate, see section 205
of P.L. 104-88, set out as a note under section 701 of Title 49.

Legislative History

     For legislative  history and  purpose of  Act Oct. 31, 1951,
see 1951 U.S.Code Cong. Service, p. 2578.

TEXT

EXECUTIVE ORDERS

EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 10250

June 5,  1951, 16  F.R. 5385,  as amended  by Ex. Ord. No. 10732,
Oct. 10,  1957, 22 F.R. 8135;  Ex. Ord. No. 10752, Feb. 12, 1958,
23 F.R. 973

DELEGATION OF FUNCTIONS TO THE SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR

     1. The  Secretary of  the Interior  is hereby designated and
empowered to  perform the  following-described functions  of  the
President without  the approval, ratification, or other action of
the President:

     (a) The  authority vested  in the  President by section 1 of
the act of July 10, 1935, ch. 375, 49 Stat. 477 [see sections 19e
to 19n  of Title  16], to  appoint members  of the  National Park
Trust Fund Board.

     (b) The authority vested in the President by section 2059 of
the Revised  Statutes [section 62 of Title 25] to discontinue any
Indian agency,  or transfer  the same,  from the  place or  tribe
designated by  law to  such other  place or  tribe as  the public
service may require.

     (c) The  authority vested  in the  President by section 6 of


                 Qualified State Tax References:
                          Page 8 of 148


the act  of May  17, 1882,  ch. 163,  22  Stat.  88,  as  amended
[section 63  of Title  25], to  consolidate two  or  more  Indian
agencies into  one, to consolidate one or more Indian tribes, and
to abolish such agencies as are thereby rendered unnecessary.

     (d) The  authority vested  in the  President by  the act  of
March 1, 1907, ch. 2285, 34 Stat. 1016 [section 140 of Title 25],
to divert  appropriations made for certain purposes to other uses
for the benefit of the several Indian tribes:  Provided, that the
Secretary of  the Interior  shall make  to the  Congress  reports
required in  connection with  action  taken  by  him  under  this
provision.

     (e) The  authority vested  in the  President by section 5 of
the act  of February  8, 1887,  ch. 119, 24 Stat. 389, as amended
[section 348  of Title  25], by the act of December 24, 1942, ch.
814, 56  Stat. 1081,  [section 348a  of Title  25], by the act of
June 21,  1906, ch. 3504, 34 Stat. 326 [section 391 of Title 25],
and by section 3 of the act of January 12, 1891, 26 Stat. 712, as
amended by  section 3  of the  act of  March 2, 1917, ch. 146, 39
Stat. 976,  to extend  trust periods  on land  patents issued  to
Indians and to continue restrictions on alienation.

     (f) The authority vested in the President by section 4705(b)
of the  Internal Revenue  Code of 1954 [former section 4705(b) of
Title 26]  to authorize  certain persons in the Virgin Islands to
obtain certain  drugs for  legitimate  medical  purposes  without
regard to  order forms,  and by  section  4762(b)  of  such  Code
[former section 4762 of Title 26] to provide for the registration
of and  the imposition of special and transfer taxes upon persons
in the Virgin Islands who import, manufacture, produce, compound,
sell, deal  in, dispense,  prescribe, administer,  or  give  away
marihuana:   Provided, that  the Secretary  of the Interior shall
perform  the   functions  referred   to  in  this  subsection  in
consultation with the Department of the Treasury.

     (g) The authority vested in the President by section 2343 of
the Revised  Statutes [section  46  of  Title  30]  to  establish
additional land districts and to appoint necessary officers under
existing laws when deemed necessary for the public convenience in
executing certain provisions of law with respect to mineral lands
and mining.

     (h) The authority vested in the President by section 2252 of
the Revised Statutes as affected by section 403 of Reorganization
Plan No.  3 of  1946, 60 Stat. 1100 [section 121 of Title 43], to
order the  discontinuance of  any land office and the transfer of
any of  its business and archives to any other land office within
the same State or Territory.

     (i) The authority vested in the President by section 2250 of
the Revised  Statutes [section  125 of Title 43] to discontinue a
land office in a land district under certain circumstances and to
annex the same to some other adjoining land district.

     (j) The authority vested in the President by section 2251 of
the Revised  Statutes [section  126 of  Title 43]  to change  the


                 Qualified State Tax References:
                          Page 9 of 148


location of  the land  offices  in  the  several  land  districts
established by  law and to relocate the same from time to time at
such point in the district as may be deemed expedient.

     (k) The authority vested in the President by section 2253 of
the Revised  Statutes [section 127 of Title 43] to change and re-
establish the boundaries of land districts.

     (l) The  authority vested  in the  President by section 2 of
the act  of March  2, 1917,  ch. 145,  39 Stat.  951, as  amended
[section 737  of Title  48], to  approve the  payment out  of the
Treasury for  other purposes of money derived from any tax levied
or assessed for a special purpose in Puerto Rico.

     (m) The  authority vested  in the  President by section 7 of
the act  of March  2, 1917,  ch. 145,  39 Stat.  954;  as amended
[section 748 of Title 48], to convey to the people of Puerto Rico
lands, buildings,  or interests in lands, or other property owned
by the  United States,  and to  accept lands, buildings, or other
interests or property by legislative grant from Puerto Rico.

     (n) The authority vested in the President by section 3(b) of
the Act of March 3, 1925, ch. 426, 43 Stat. 1111, as amended [see
section 167d  of Title  50], to approve regulations governing the
production and  sale  of  helium  for  medical,  scientific,  and
commercial use.

     (o) The  authority vested  in the  President by section 6 of
the act of April 26, 1906, ch. 1876, 34 Stat. 139, to remove from
office the  principal chief  of the  Choctaw, Cherokee, Creek, or
Seminole tribe or the governor of the Chickasaw tribe, to declare
any such  office vacant,  and to  fill any  vacancy in  any  such
office  arising   from  removal,  disability,  or  death  of  the
incumbent.

     (p) The  authority vested  in the President by section 28 of
the act  of April  26, 1906,  ch. 1876,  34 Stat. 148, to approve
acts,  ordinances,  or  resolutions  of  the  tribal  council  or
legislature of  the  Choctaw,  Chickasaw,  Cherokee,  Creek,  and
Seminole tribes  or nations,  and to approve contracts, involving
the  payment  or  expenditure  of  money  or  affecting  property
belonging to  any of  the said tribes or nations, made by them or
any of them or by any officer thereof.

     (q) [Superseded by section 3 of Ex. Ord. No. 10752, Feb. 12,
1958, 23  F.R. 973, set out as a note under section 715j of Title
15, Commerce and Trade].

     (r) The  authority vested  in the President by section 55 of
the act  of April 30, 1900, 31 Stat. 150, as amended [section 562
of Title  48] and  by section 4 of the act of August 24, 1954, 68
Stat. 785,  as amended  [former section  562o of  Title  48],  to
approve  the   issuance  of   bonds  or   other  instruments   of
indebtedness by the Territory of Hawaii.

     2. The  Secretary of  the Interior  is hereby designated and
empowered to  perform, without  the  approval,  ratification,  or


                 Qualified State Tax References:
                          Page 10 of 148


other action of the President, the following functions which have
heretofore,  under   the  respective  provisions  of  law  cited,
required the  approval, ratification,  or  other  action  of  the
President in  connection with  their performance by the Secretary
of the Interior:

     (a) The authority vested in the Secretary of the Interior by
section 1  of the  act of  June 6,  1942, ch.  330, 56  Stat. 326
[section 459r  of Title  16], to convey or lease to the States or
to the  political subdivisions  thereof any  or  all  of  certain
recreational  demonstration  projects  and  lands  and  equipment
comprised within  such projects  or any  parts of  such projects;
and to  transfer to  other  Federal  agencies  any  of  the  said
recreational demonstration  areas that  may be  of  use  to  such
agencies.

     (b) The authority vested in the Secretary of the Interior by
section 3  of the  act of July 3, 1918, ch. 128, 40 Stat. 755, as
amended, and  as affected  by section 4(f) of Reorganization Plan
No. II,  effective July  1, 1939,  53 Stat.  1433 [section 704 of
Title 16], to promulgate regulations permitting and governing the
hunting, taking,  capture, killing,  possession, sale,  purchase,
shipment, transportation,  carriage, or  export of  any migratory
bird included  in the  terms of certain conventions, or any part,
nest, or egg thereof.

     3. As  used in  this order,  the term  "functions"  embraces
duties, powers,  responsibilities, authority,  or discretion, and
the term "perform" may be construed to mean "exercise".

     4. All  actions heretofore taken by the President in respect
of the matters affected by this order and in force at the time of
the issuance  of this  order, including regulations prescribed by
the President  in respect  of such matters, shall, except as they
may be  inconsistent with the provisions of this order, remain in
effect until  modified  or  revoked  pursuant  to  the  authority
conferred by this order.

     5. The  Secretary of  the Interior  is hereby  authorized to
redelegate to  the Under  Secretary of  the Interior  any of  the
authority delegated to the Secretary of the Interior by section 1
of this order.

EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 10289

Sept. 17,  1951, 16  F.R. 9499, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 10583,
Dec. 20,  1954, 19 F.R. 8725;  Ex. Ord. No. 10882, July 18, 1960,
25 F.R.  6869;   Ex. Ord.  No. 11110, June 4, 1963, 28 F.R. 5605;
Ex. Ord.  No. 11825,  Dec. 31,  1974, 40 F.R. 1003;  Ex. Ord. No.
12608, Sept. 9, 1987, 52 F.R. 34617

DELEGATION OF FUNCTIONS TO SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY

     1. The  Secretary of  the Treasury  is hereby designated and
empowered to  perform the  following-described functions  of  the
President without  the approval, ratification, or other action of
the President:


                 Qualified State Tax References:
                          Page 11 of 148


     (a) The  authority vested  in the  President by section 1 of
the act  of August 1, 1914, c. 223, 38 Stat. 609, 623, as amended
[section 2  of Title  19], (1)  to rearrange, by consolidation or
otherwise,  the  several  customs-collection  districts,  (2)  to
discontinue  ports   of  entry   by  abolishing   the  same   and
establishing others  in their  stead, and (3) to change from time
to  time  the  location  of  the  headquarters  in  any  customs-
collection district as the needs of the service may require.

     (b) The  authority vested  in the  President by section 1 of
the Anti-Smuggling  Act of  August 5,  1935, c. 438, 49 Stat. 517
[section 1701  of Title  19], (1) to find and declare that at any
place or within any area on the high seas adjacent to but outside
customs waters  any vessel or vessels hover or are being kept off
the coast  of the  United States  and  that,  by  virtue  of  the
presence of  any such  vessel or  vessels at such place or within
such area,  the unlawful introduction or removal into or from the
United States  of any  merchandise or person is being, or may be,
occasioned, promoted, or threatened, (2) to find and declare that
certain waters  on the  high seas  are in  such proximity to such
vessel or  vessels that  such unlawful introduction or removal of
merchandise or  persons may  be carried  on by or to or from such
vessel or  vessels, and  (3) to find and declare that, within any
customs-enforcement area, the circumstances no longer exist which
gave  rise  to  the  declaration  of  such  area  as  a  customs-
enforcement area.

     (c) The  authority vested  in the  President by section 1 of
the Act  of August  26, 1985,  Public Law 98-89, 97 Stat. 510 (46
U.S.C. 3101)  [section 3101 of Title 46, Shipping] to suspend the
provisions of  law  requiring  the  inspection  of  foreign-built
vessels admitted to American registry.

     (d) The  authority vested  in the  President by section 5 of
the act  of May  28, 1908,  c. 212,  35 Stat. 425, as amended (46
U.S.C. Appendix  104) [section 104 of Title 46], to determine (as
a prerequisite  to the  extension of reciprocal privileges by the
Commissioner  of   Customs)  that   yachts  used   and   employed
exclusively as  pleasure vessels and belonging to any resident of
the United  States are  allowed to  arrive at and depart from any
foreign port  and to  cruise in  the waters  of such port without
entering or  clearing at the custom-house thereof and without the
payment of  any charges  for entering or clearing, dues, duty per
ton, tonnage taxes, or charges for cruising licenses.

     (e) The  authority vested  in the  President by section 2 of
the act of March 24, 1908, c. 96, 35 Stat. 46 (46 U.S.C. Appendix
134) [section  134 of  Title 46],  to name  the hospital ships to
which section  1 of  the said act shall apply and to indicate the
time when  the exemptions  thereby provided  for shall  begin and
end.

     (f) The authority vested in the President by section 4228 of
the  Revised  Statutes,  as  amended  (46  U.S.C.  Appendix  141)
[section 141  of Title  46], (1)  to  --  declare  that  --  upon
satisfactory proof  being given  by the government of any foreign


                 Qualified State Tax References:
                          Page 12 of 148


nation that  no discriminating  duties of  tonnage or imposts are
imposed or levied in the ports of such nation upon vessels wholly
belonging to  citizens of the United States, or upon the produce,
manufactures, or merchandise imported in the same from the United
States or  from any foreign country -- the foreign discriminating
duties of  tonnage  and  impost  within  the  United  States  are
suspended and  discontinued, so  far as  respects the  vessels of
such  foreign   nation,  and   the  produce,   manufactures,   or
merchandise imported  into the  United States  from such  foreign
nation, or  from any other foreign country, and (2) to suspend in
part the  operation of  section 4219  of the Revised Statutes, as
amended (46  U.S.C. Appendix  121) [section 121 of Title 46], and
section IV, J, subsection 1 of the act of October 3, 1913, c. 16,
38 Stat. 195, as amended (46 U.S.C. Appendix 146) [section 146 of
Title 46],  so that  foreign  vessels  from  a  country  imposing
partial discriminating  tonnage duties  upon American vessels, or
partial discriminating  import duties  upon American merchandise,
may enjoy  in our  ports the  identical privileges which the same
class of  American vessels  and merchandise  may  enjoy  in  such
country:  Provided, that prior to the issuance of an order of the
Secretary of the Treasury suspending and discontinuing (wholly or
in part)  discriminating  tonnage  duties,  imposts,  and  import
duties within  the United  States, the  Department of State shall
obtain and  furnish to  the Secretary  of the  Treasury the proof
required by  the said  section 4228, as amended, as the basis for
that order.

     (g) The authority vested in the President by section 3650 of
the Internal  Revenue Code  [now covered by section 7621 of Title
26],  to  establish  convenient  collection  districts  (for  the
purpose of  assessing, levying, and collecting the taxes provided
by the  internal revenue  laws), and  from time  to time to alter
such districts.

     (h) The  authority which  is now  vested in the President by
section 2564(b)  of the Internal Revenue Code [section 2564(b) of
Title 26  (I.R.C.1939) ], and which on and after January 1, 1955,
will be  vested in  the  President  by  section  4735(b)  of  the
Internal Revenue  Code of  1954  [section  4735(b)  of  Title  26
(I.R.C.1954) ],  to issue,  in accordance  with the provisions of
the said  section 2564(b)  or 4735(b), as the case may be, orders
providing for  the registration  and the  imposition of a special
tax upon  all persons  in the  Canal Zone  who  produce,  import,
compound, deal  in, dispense,  sell,  distribute,  or  give  away
narcotic drugs.

     (i) The authority vested in the President by section 5318 of
the Revised  Statutes, as amended (19 U.S.C. 540) [section 540 of
Title 19,  Customs Duties], to employ suitable vessels other than
Coast Guard  cutters in  the execution  of laws providing for the
collection of duties on imports and tonnage;

     [(j) Revoked.   Ex.  Ord. No.  12608, Sept. 9, 1987, 52 F.R.
34617]

     2. The  Secretary of  the Treasury  is hereby designated and
empowered to perform without the approval, ratification, or other


                 Qualified State Tax References:
                          Page 13 of 148


action of  the  President  the  following  functions  which  have
heretofore,  under   the  respective  provisions  of  law  cited,
required the  approval of  the President in connection with their
performance by the Secretary of the Treasury:

     (a) The authority vested in the Secretary of the Treasury by
section 6  of the  act of  July 8,  1937, c.  444, 50  Stat.  480
[section  728  of  Title  40],  to  make  rules  and  regulations
necessary for  the execution  of  the  functions  vested  in  the
Secretary of the Treasury by the said act, as amended.

     (b), (c)  [Revoked by  Ex. Ord.  No. 11110, June 4, 1963, 28
F.R. 5605.]

     (d) [Revoked  by Ex.  Ord. No. 11825, Dec. 31, 1974, 40 F.R.
1003.]

     (e) The authority vested in the Secretary of the Treasury by
section 1  of Title  II of  the act  of June  15, 1917, c. 30, 40
Stat.  220   [section  191  of  Title  50],  to  make  rules  and
regulations governing  the anchorage  and movement of any vessel,
foreign or  domestic, in  the territorial  waters of  the  United
States.

     [(f) Revoked.   Ex.  Ord. No.  12608, Sept. 9, 1987, 52 F.R.
34617.]

     3. (a)  The Secretary  of the  Treasury and  the  Postmaster
General are  hereby designated and empowered jointly to prescribe
without the  approval of the President regulations, under section
1 of  the act  of July 8, 1937, c. 444, 50 Stat. 479 [section 721
of  Title  40],  governing  the  shipment  of  valuables  by  the
executive  departments,   independent  establishments,  agencies,
wholly-owned corporations,  officers, and employees of the United
States.

     (b)  The   Postmaster  General  [now  United  States  Postal
Service] is  hereby designated  and empowered to exercise without
the approval,  ratification, or other action of the President the
authority vested  in the  President by section 504(b) of Title 18
of the  United States  Code to  approve regulations issued by the
Secretary of the Treasury under the authority of the said section
504(b) (relating  to the printing, publishing, or importation, or
the making  or importation  of  the  necessary  plates  for  such
printing  or   publishing,  of   postage  stamps  for  philatelic
purposes), and  to approve any amendment or repeal of any of such
regulations by the Secretary of the Treasury.

     4. As  used in  this order,  the term  "functions"  embraces
duties, powers,  responsibilities, authority,  or discretion, and
the term "perform" may be construed to mean "exercise".

     5. All  actions heretofore taken by the President in respect
of the matters affected by this order and in force at the time of
the issuance  of this  order, including regulations prescribed by
the President  in respect  of such matters, shall, except as they
may be  inconsistent with the provisions of this order, remain in


                 Qualified State Tax References:
                          Page 14 of 148


effect until  amended,  modified,  or  revoked  pursuant  to  the
authority conferred by this order.

3  USCA   301,  General   authorization  to  delegate  functions;
publication of delegations

------------ Excerpt from pages 32726-32733


     EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 10637

Sept. 19, 1955, 20 F.R. 7025

DELEGATION OF FUNCTIONS TO SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY

     Section  1.   The  Secretary   of  the  Treasury  is  hereby
designated  and  empowered  to  perform  the  following-described
functions without  the approval, ratification, or other action of
the President:

     (a) The  authority vested in the President by section 149 of
title 14  of the United States Code, in his discretion, to detail
officers and  enlisted men  of the  Coast Guard to assist foreign
governments in matters concerning which the Coast Guard may be of
assistance.

     (b) The  authority vested in the President by section 229 of
title 14  of the  United States  Code to revoke the commission of
any officer  on the  active list  of the  Coast Guard who, at the
date of  such revocation,  has  had  less  than  three  years  of
continuous service  as a commissioned officer in the Coast Guard,
and to prescribe regulations relating to such revocations.

     (c) The  authority vested in the President by section 232 of
title 14  of the United States Code, in his discretion, to retire
from active  service any commissioned officer of the Coast Guard,
upon his  own application,  who has  completed  twenty  years  of
active service  in the  Coast Guard,  Navy, Army,  Air Force,  or
Marine Corps, or the Reserve Components thereof.

     (d) The  authority vested in the President by section 235 of
title 14  of the  United States  Code [see section 251 et seq. of
Title 14],  to retire, to approve the retirement of, to place out
of line  of promotion,  and to approve the placing out of line of
promotion of, officers of the Coast Guard.

     (e) The  authority vested in the President by section 492 of
title 14  of the  United States  Code to  present a distinguished
service medal  (including incidental  items) to  any person  who,
while serving in any capacity with the Coast Guard, distinguishes
himself by exceptionally meritorious service to the Government in
a duty of great responsibility.

     (f) The  authority vested in the President by section 493 of
title 14  of the  United States  Code to  present the Coast Guard
medal (including  incidental items)  to  any  person  who,  while
serving in  any capacity  with  the  Coast  Guard,  distinguishes


                 Qualified State Tax References:
                          Page 15 of 148


himself by heroism not involving actual conflict with an enemy.

     (g) The  authority vested in the President by section 494 of
title 14  of the  United States  Code to award emblems, insignia,
rosettes, and  other devices,  to the  extent that such authority
relates to  the awarding  of such  items  to  be  worn  with  the
distinguished service medal or the Coast Guard medal.

     (h) The  authority vested in the President by section 498 of
title 14  of the  United States Code to make posthumous awards of
decorations and  to designate  representatives  to  receive  such
awards, to the extent that such authority relates to the awarding
of the  distinguished service  medal or the Coast Guard medal, or
ribbons,  emblems,   insignia,   rosettes,   or   other   devices
corresponding thereto.

     (i) The  authority vested in the President by section 499 of
title 14  of the  United States  Code to make rules, regulations,
and orders  to the extent that they shall relate to the authority
described in sections 1(f), 1(g), and 1(h) above.

     (j) The  authority vested  in the  President  by  the  first
paragraph of  section 806  of the  act of  September 8, 1916, ch.
463, 39  Stat. 799  [section 77  of  Title  15],  to  direct  the
detention of  any vessel,  American or  foreign,  by  withholding
clearance or  by formal  notice forbidding  departure;   but such
authority shall  be exercised  by the  Secretary of  the Treasury
only upon  a finding  by the  President that  there is reasonable
ground to  believe that  the vessel concerned is making or giving
undue or unreasonable preference or advantage to any party, or is
subjecting  any   party  to   undue  or  unreasonable  prejudice,
disadvantage, injury, or discrimination, as described in the said
paragraph;   and the  authority so  vested to  revoke, modify, or
renew any such direction.

     (k) The  authority vested  in the  President by  the  second
paragraph of the said section 806 of the act of September 8, 1916
[section 77  of Title 15], to withhold clearance from one or more
vessels  of  a  belligerent  country  or  government  until  such
belligerent  shall  restore  to  American  vessels  and  American
citizens reciprocal  liberty of commerce and equal facilities for
trade, and  the authority  to direct  that similar privileges and
facilities, if  any, enjoyed  by vessels  and  citizens  of  such
belligerent in the United States or its possessions be refused to
vessels or  citizens of  such belligerent;   but  such  authority
shall not,  in either  instance, be exercised by the Secretary of
the Treasury  with respect  to any  vessel  or  citizen  of  such
belligerent unless  and until  the President  proclaims that  the
belligerent nation concerned is denying privileges and facilities
to American vessels as described in the said paragraph.

     (l) The  authority vested in the President by section 963(a)
of title  18 of  the United  States Code to detain, in accordance
with the  provisions of  such section,  any armed  vessel, or any
vessel, domestic or foreign (other than one which has entered the
ports of  the  United  States  as  a  public  vessel),  which  is
manifestly built  for warlike  purposes or  has been converted or


                 Qualified State Tax References:
                          Page 16 of 148


adapted from  a private  vessel to  one suitable for warlike use,
and to  determine, in  each case,  whether the  proof required by
such section is satisfactory.

     (m) The  authority vested in the President by section 967(a)
of title  18 of the United States Code, during a war in which the
United States  is a neutral nation, to withhold clearance from or
to any  vessel, domestic  or foreign,  or, by  service of  formal
notice upon  the owner, master, or person in command or in charge
of any  domestic vessel not required to secure clearances, and to
forbid its  departure  from  port  or  from  the  United  States,
whenever there is reasonable cause to believe that such vessel is
about to carry fuel, arms, ammunition, men, supplies, dispatches,
or information  to any  warship, tender,  or  supply  ship  of  a
foreign belligerent nation in violation of the laws, treaties, or
obligations of the United States under the law of nations.

     (n) The  authority vested  in the President by section 10(a)
of the act of November 4, 1939, ch. 2, 54 Stat. 9 [section 450(a)
of Title  22], to require the owner, master, or person in command
of a vessel to give a bond to the United States, as prescribed by
the said section 10(a).

     (o) The  authority vested  in the President by section 10(b)
of the act of November 4, 1939, ch. 2, 54 Stat. 9 [section 450(b)
of Title  22], to  prohibit the departure of a vessel from a port
of the  United States,  in accordance  with the provisions of the
said section 10(b).

     (p) The  authority vested  in the  President by section 2 of
the act of August 18, 1914, ch. 256, 38 Stat. 699 [section 236 of
Title 46],  to suspend,  in his  discretion, by order, so far and
for such  length of time as he may deem desirable, the provisions
of law  prescribing that  all watch  officers of  vessels of  the
United States  registered for  foreign trade shall be citizens of
the United States.

     (q) The  authority vested  in the  President by section 2 of
the act of October 17, 1940, ch. 896, 54 Stat. 1201 [section 643b
of Title  46], to  extend, whenever  in his judgment the national
interest requires,  the provisions  of subsection  (b) of section
4551.  Revised Statutes, as amended [section 643(b) of Title 46],
to such additional class or classes of vessels and to such waters
as he may designate.

     (r) The authority vested in the Secretary of the Treasury by
the first  paragraph of  section 1 of Title II of the act of June
15, 1917,  ch. 30, 40 Stat. 220, as amended [section 191 of Title
50], during  a national  emergency proclaimed  as provided in the
said paragraph,  (1) to  make rules and regulations governing the
anchorage and movement of any vessel, foreign or domestic, in the
territorial waters  of the  United States,  and (2)  to take full
possession and  control of such vessel for the purposes set forth
in the said paragraph.

     (s) The  authority vested  in the  President by section 6 of
the act  of July 24, 1941, ch. 320, 55 Stat. 604, as amended [see


                 Qualified State Tax References:
                          Page 17 of 148


note set  out under  section 5501  of Title 10, Armed Forces], to
make appointments  of officers below flag rank without the advice
and consent  of the  Senate, to  the extent  that such  authority
relates, pursuant  to section  11(b) of  the said act, as amended
[see section  5787 of Title 10, Armed Forces], to officers of the
United States Coast Guard.

     Sec. 2.  The Secretary  of the Treasury is hereby designated
and empowered  to perform  without the approval, ratification, or
other action  of the  President the following described functions
to the extent that they relate to the United States Coast Guard:

     (a) The authority vested in the President by Article 4(a) of
the Uniform Code of Military Justice (section 1 of the act of May
5, 1950,  ch. 169,  64 Stat.  110) [see  section 804 of Title 10,
Armed Forces],  to convene  a general  court-martial to  try  any
dismissed officer,  upon application by the officer concerned for
trial by court-martial.

     (b) The  authority vested  in the President by Articles 4(c)
and 75  of the  Uniform Code  of Military  Justice (64 Stat. 110,
132) [see  sections 804  and 875  of Title  10, Armed Forces], to
reappoint a  discharged officer  to such  commissioned  rank  and
precedence as  the former  officer would have attained had he not
been dismissed,  and to  direct the  extent  to  which  any  such
reappointment  shall   affect  the   promotion  status  of  other
officers.

     (c) The  authority vested  in the President by section 10 of
the act  of May 5, 1950, ch. 169, 64 Stat. 146 [see sections 1161
and 6408  of Title  10, Armed Forces], to drop from the rolls any
officer who  has been  absent without authority from his place of
duty for  a period  of three  months or more, or who, having been
found guilty  by the civil authorities of any offense, is finally
sentenced to  confinement in  a Federal  or State penitentiary or
correctional institution.

     (d) The  authority vested in the President by section 219 of
the Armed  Forces Reserve  Act, approved  July 9,  1952 (66 Stat.
487) [see  section 593  of  Title  10,  Armed  Forces],  to  make
appointments  of  Reserves  in  commissioned  grades  below  flag
officer grades.

     (e) The  authority vested in the President by section 221 of
the said  Armed Forces  Reserve Act [see section 593 of Title 10,
Armed Forces],  to determine the tenure in office of commissioned
officers of the reserve.

     (f) The  authority vested in the President by section 248 of
the said  Armed Forces Reserve Act [see section 1162 of Title 10,
Armed Forces],  to effect  the discharge of commissioned officers
of the reserve.

     (g) The  authority vested  in the  President by section 6 of
the act  of February  21, 1946,  ch. 34, 60 Stat. 27 [see section
6323 of  Title 10, Armed Forces], as made applicable to the Coast
Guard Reserve  by section 755(a) of title 14 of the United States


                 Qualified State Tax References:
                          Page 18 of 148


Code, in  his discretion,  to place  upon the  retired  list  any
officer of the Coast Guard Reserve, upon his own application, who
has completed  more  than  twenty  years  of  active  service  as
described in the said section 6.

     Sec. 3.  All actions  heretofore taken by the President with
respect to the matters affected by this order and in force at the
time  of  issuance  of  this  order,  including  any  regulations
prescribed or  approved by  the President  with respect  to  such
matters, shall,  except as  they may  be  inconsistent  with  the
provisions  of  this  order,  remain  in  effect  until  amended,
modified, or  revoked pursuant to the authority conferred by this
order.

     Sec. 4. As used in this order, the term "functions" embraces
duties, powers,  responsibilities, authority,  or discretion, and
the term "perform" may be construed to mean "exercise".

     Sec. 5.  Whenever the  entire  Coast  Guard  operates  as  a
service in  the Navy,  the references  to the  Secretary  of  the
Treasury in the introductory portions of sections 1 and 2 of this
order shall  be deemed  to be  references to the Secretary of the
Navy.

DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER

3  USCA   301,  General   authorization  to  delegate  functions;
publication of delegations

------------ Excerpt from pages 32737-32741


     EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 11609

July 22,  1971, 36  F.R. 13747, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 11713,
Apr. 21, 1973, 38 F.R. 10069;  Ex. Ord. No. 11779, Apr. 22, 1974,
39 F.R.  14185;  Ex. Ord. No. 12107, Dec. 28, 1978, 44 F.R. 1055;
Ex. Ord.  No. 12215,  May 27,  1980, 45 F.R. 36043;  Ex. Ord. No.
12466, Feb. 27, 1984, 49 F.R. 7349;  Ex. Ord. No. 12522, June 24,
1985, 50  F.R. 26337;  Ex. Ord. No. 12608, Sept. 9, 1987, 52 F.R.
34617;  Ex. Ord. No. 12822, Nov. 16, 1992, 57 F.R. 54289.

DELEGATION OF  CERTAIN FUNCTIONS VESTED IN THE PRESIDENT TO OTHER
OFFICERS OF THE GOVERNMENT

     By virtue  of the  authority vested  in me by section 301 of
title 3  of  the  United  States  Code  [this  section],  and  as
President of the United States, it is hereby ordered as follows:

     Section   1.   General   Services   Administration.      The
Administrator  of   General  Service  is  hereby  designated  and
empowered to  exercise, without  the approval,  ratification,  or
other action of the President, the following:

     (1) The  authority of  the President  under 5 U.S.C. 4111(b)
[section  4111(b)   of  Title   5,  Government  Organization  and
Employees] to prescribe regulations with respect to reductions to


                 Qualified State Tax References:
                          Page 19 of 148


be made  from payments by the Government to employees for travel,
subsistence, or  other expenses  incident to  training in  a non-
Government facility or to attendance at a meeting.

     (2) The  authority of  the President under the last sentence
of 5  U.S.C. 5702(a)  [section 5702(a)  of Title  5] to establish
maximum rates  of per  diem allowances  to the  extent that  such
authority pertains to travel status of employees (as defined in 5
U.S.C. 5701)  [section 5701  of Title 5] while en route to, from,
or between  localities situated  outside the 48 contiguous States
of the United States and the District of Columbia.

     (3) The  authority of  the President  under  5  U.S.C.  5707
[section 5707  of Title 5] to prescribe regulations necessary for
the administration  of subchapter  I of  chapter 57 of title 5 of
the United  States  Code  [section  5701  et  seq.  of  Title  5]
(relating  to   travel  and   subsistence  expenses  and  mileage
allowances).

     (4) The  authority of  the President  under 5 U.S.C. 5722(a)
[section 5722(a)  of  Title  5]  to  prescribe  regulations  with
respect to  the payment  of travel  expenses  and  transportation
expenses of household goods and personal effects.

     (5) The  authority of  the President  under 5 U.S.C. 5723(a)
[section 5723(a)  of  Title  5]  to  prescribe  regulations  with
respect to  the payment  of travel  expenses  and  transportation
expenses.

     (6) The  authority of  the President  under  5  U.S.C.  5724
[section 5724  of Title  5] to prescribe the regulations provided
for therein  (relating to  travel and transportation expenses and
other matters).

     (7)(a) The  authority of  the President under 5 U.S.C. 5724a
[section 5724a  of Title 5] to prescribe the regulations provided
for therein,  relating to  (i) the availability of appropriations
or other  funds of  agencies for  the reimbursement  of described
expenses of  employees for  whom the  Government pays expenses of
travel and transportation under 5 U.S.C. 5724(a) [section 5724(a)
of Title 5], (ii) the entitlement of employees to amounts related
to their basic pay, and (iii) the allowance, payment, and receipt
of expenses  and benefits  to former employees who are reemployed
by nontemporary appointments.

     (b) In  consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury, the
authority of the President under 5 U.S.C. 5724b [section 5724b of
Title 5,  Government Organization and Employees] to prescribe the
regulations provided  for therein  relating to  reimbursement  of
Federal, State, and city income taxes for travel, transportation,
and relocation  expenses of  employees, transferred at Government
expense, furnished  in kind  or for  which  reimbursement  or  an
allowance is provided.

     (c) The  authority of  the President  under 5  U.S.C.  5724c
[section 5724c of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees]
to prescribe  the regulations  provided for  therein pursuant  to


                 Qualified State Tax References:
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which each  agency shall  carry out  its responsibilities under 5
U.S.C.  5724c;     provided,   that  the   Director  of   Central
Intelligence,  after   consultation  with  the  Administrator  of
General  Services,  shall  prescribe  such  regulations  for  the
Central Intelligence Agency.

     (8) The  authority of  the President  under  5  U.S.C.  5726
[section 5726  of Title  5] to prescribe the regulations provided
for therein,  relating to  (i) the definition of "household goods
and  personal  effects",  (ii)  allowable  storage  expenses  and
related transportation,  and (iii)  the allowance of nontemporary
storage expenses  or storage at Government expense in Government-
owned facilities  (including  related  transportation  and  other
expenses).

     (9) The  authority of  the President  under  5  U.S.C.  5727
[section 5727  of Title  5] to prescribe the regulations provided
for therein, relating to the transportation at Government expense
of privately owned motor vehicles.

     (10) The  authority of  the President under 5 U.S.C. 5728(a)
and (b)  [section 5728(a)  and (b)  of Title  5] to prescribe the
regulations provided  for therein,  relating to the payment by an
agency from  its appropriations  of the  expenses of  round  trip
travel of  an employee,  and the  transportation of his immediate
family, in described circumstances.

     (11) The  authority of  the President under 5 U.S.C. 5729(a)
and (b)  [section 5729(a)  and (b)  of Title  5] to prescribe the
regulations provided  for therein, relating to (i) the payment by
an agency from its appropriations of the expenses of transporting
the immediate family of an employee and of shipping his household
goods and  personal effects,  and (ii) the reimbursement from its
appropriations by  an  agency  of  an  employee  for  the  proper
transportation expense  of returning  his  immediate  family  and
household  goods   and  personal   effects,  both   in  described
circumstances.

     (12) The  authority of  the President under 5 U.S.C. 5731(a)
[section  5731(a)  of  Title  5]  to  prescribe  the  regulations
provided  for  therein,  relating  to  certifications  respecting
transportation accommodations.

     (13) The  authority of  the President under 5 U.S.C. 5742(b)
[section 5742(b)  of  Title  5]  to  prescribe  regulations  with
respect to the payment of expenses when an employee dies.

     (14) The  authority of the President under the last sentence
of paragraph  (c) of  section 32  of title III of the Act of July
22, 1937,  c. 517,  50 Stat.  525  (7  U.S.C.  1011(c))  [section
1011(c) of  Title 7, Agriculture], to transfer to Federal, State,
or Territorial  agencies  lands  acquired  by  the  Secretary  of
Agriculture under  section 32(a)  of that Act [section 1011(a) of
Title 7].

     (15) The authority of the President under section 340 of the
Consolidated Farmers  Home Administration  Act of  1961, 75 Stat.


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318 (7  U.S.C. 1990) [section 1990 of Title 7], in his discretion
to transfer  to the  Secretary of Agriculture any right, interest
or title  held by  the United States in any lands acquired in the
program of  national  defense  and  no  longer  needed  for  that
program, and  to determine  the suitability  of the  lands to  be
transferred, for  the  purposes  referred  to  in  that  section:
Provided, That the exercise by the Administrator of the authority
delegated to  him  by  this  paragraph  (15)  shall  require  the
concurrence of  the Secretary  of Defense  as to  the absence  of
further need of the lands for the national defense program.

     (16) The  authority of  the President  under section 4(k) of
the Tennessee  Valley Authority  Act, 55  Stat.  599  (16  U.S.C.
831c(k)) [section  831c(k) of Title 16, Conservation], to approve
transfers under  paragraphs (a)  and (c)  of that  section, other
than leases  for terms  of less  than 20 years and conveyances of
property having a value not in excess of $500.

     (17) The  authority of  the President  under section 7(b) of
the Tennessee  Valley Authority  Act of May 18, 1933, 48 Stat. 63
(16 U.S.C. 831f(b)) [section 831f(b) of Title 16], to provide for
the transfer  to the  Tennessee  Valley  Authority  of  the  use,
possession, and  control of  real or  personal  property  of  the
United States  deemed by the Administrator of General Services to
be necessary  and proper  for the  purposes of  that Authority as
stated in that Act.

     (18) The  authority of  the President under section 1 of the
Act of  March 4,  1927, c.  505, 44  Stat. 1422  (20 U.S.C.  191)
[section  191  of  Title  20,  Education],  to  transfer  to  the
jurisdiction of  the Secretary of Agriculture for the purposes of
that Act  any land  belonging to  the  United  States  within  or
adjacent to  the District of Columbia located along the Anacostia
River North of Benning Bridge.

     (19) That  part of  the authority  of  the  President  under
section 7(a)  of the  Act of  July 17, 1959, P.L. 86-91, 73 Stat.
216, as  amended (20 U.S.C. 905(a)) [section 905(a) of Title 20],
which consists  of authority to prescribe regulations relating to
storage   (including    packing,    drayage,    unpacking,    and
transportation to  and from  storage) of  household  effects  and
personal possessions.

     (20) The  authority of the Administrator of General Services
under section  210(i) of  the Federal Property and Administrative
Services Act  of 1949,  as amended  (40 U.S.C.  490(i))  [section
490(i) of  Title 40,  Public Buildings,  Property, and  Works] to
prescribe regulations  relating to  the installation, repair, and
replacement of sidewalks.

     (21) The authority of the President under section 108 of the
Housing Act  of July  15, 1949,  c. 338, 63 Stat. 419, as amended
(42 U.S.C. 1458) [section 1458 of Title 42, The Public Health and
Welfare], to  transfer,  or  cause  to  be  transferred,  to  the
Secretary of  Housing and  Urban Development  any right, title or
interest held  by the  Federal Government  or any  department  or
agency thereof in any land (including buildings thereon) which is


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surplus to  the needs  of the Government and which a local public
agency certifies  will be  within the  area of  a  project  being
planned by it.

     (22), (23)  [Revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 12215, May 27, 1980, 45
F.R. 36043].

     Sec. 2.  Department of  the Treasury.   The Secretary of the
Treasury is  hereby designated and empowered to exercise, without
the approval, ratification, or other action of the President, the
following:

     (1) The authority under 5 U.S.C. 5943(a) [section 5943(a) of
Title 5]  to make recommendations to the President concerning the
meeting of  losses sustained  by employees  and  members  of  the
uniformed services  while serving  in a  foreign country  due  to
appreciation of  foreign currency in its relation to the American
dollar.

     (2) The authority under 5 U.S.C. 5943(d) [section 5943(d) of
Title 5]  to report annually to the Congress on expenditures made
under 5 U.S.C. 5943(d).

     Sec. 3.  Department of  Health  and  Human  Services.    The
Secretary of  Health and  Human Services is hereby designated and
empowered to  exercise without  the  approval,  ratification,  or
other action of the President, the following:

     (1) The  authority of  the President under the first section
of the  Act entitled "An Act to authorize the operation of stands
in Federal  buildings by  blind persons,  to enlarge the economic
opportunities of  the blind,  and for  other purposes,"  approved
June 20, 1936, 49 Stat. 1559, as amended (20 U.S.C. 107) [section
107 of  Title 20], to approve regulations prescribed by the heads
of the respective departments and agencies thereunder.

     (2) The  authority of  the Secretary  of  Health  and  Human
Services under section 2 of the Act of August 4, 1947, c. 478, 61
Stat. 751, as amended (24 U.S.C. 168a) [section 168a of Title 24,
Hospitals, Asylums  and Cemeteries],  to fix  per diem  rates for
care of patients in Saint Elizabeth Hospital.

     Sec. 4.  Department of  State. (a) The Secretary of State is
hereby designated  and empowered  to exercise his authority under
section 12  of the Act of August 1, 1956, 70 Stat. 892 (22 U.S.C.
2679)  [section   2679  of   Title  22,   Foreign  Relations  and
Intercourse] (being  authority to prescribe certain maximum rates
of per  diem in  lieu of  subsistence (or  of similar  allowances
therefor)), without  the approval,  ratification, or other action
of the President.

     (b)  The   Secretary  of  State  is  hereby  designated  and
empowered to  exercise  the  authority  of  the  President  under
section 9  of the  United Nations  Participation Act  of 1945 (59
Stat. 619),  as amended  by section  15 of  Public Law 93-126 (87
Stat. 454-455) [section 287e-1 of Title 22, Foreign Relations and
Intercourse].


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     Sec. 5.  Department of Defense.  The Secretary of Defense is
hereby designated  and empowered to exercise the authority of the
President under  the last sentence of section 4 of the Act of May
10, 1943,  c. 95, 57 Stat. 81 (24 U.S.C. 34) [section 34 of Title
24] to  prescribe from  time to time uniform rates of charges for
hospitalization and  dispensary services:    Provided,  That  the
authority hereby  delegated may not be redelegated to any officer
in the  Department of  the Navy,  Department of the Air Force, or
Department of the Army.

     Sec. 6. Department of Health and Human Services;  Department
of Defense.  The following are hereby designated and empowered to
exercise, without  the approval, ratification, or other action of
the President,  the authority  of the  President under  10 U.S.C.
1085 [section  1085 of  Title  10,  Armed  Forces]  to  establish
uniform rates  of reimbursement  for inpatient  medical or dental
care:

     (1) The Secretary of Health and Human Services in respect of
such care in a facility under his jurisdiction.

     (2) The  Secretary of  Defense in  respect of such care in a
facility of  an armed  force under the jurisdiction of a military
department.

     Sec. 7.  Veterans Administration [now Department of Veterans
Affairs].    (a)  The  Administrator  of  Veterans  Affairs  [now
Secretary of Veterans Affairs] is hereby designated and empowered
to exercise  the authority  of  the  President  under  10  U.S.C.
1074(b) [section 1074(b) of Title 10] to approve uniform rates of
reimbursement for  care provided  in facilities  operated by  the
Administrator [now Secretary].

     (b) Section  2 of  Executive Order No. 11302 of September 6,
1966, as  amended by  Executive Order  No. 11429  of September 9,
1968 [set  out as a note under section 111 of Title 38, Veterans'
Benefits], is  hereby further  amended by  substituting  for  the
words  "allowance  of  not  more  than  six  cents  a  mile"  the
following:     "allowance,  in   such  amount  per  mile  as  the
Administrator shall  from time  to time fix pursuant to 38 U.S.C.
111 as affected by this order,".

     Sec. 8.  Office of  Personnel Management.    The  Office  of
Personnel  Management  is  hereby  designated  and  empowered  to
exercise, without  the approval, ratification, or other action of
the President, the following:

     (1) The  authority of  the President  under 5 U.S.C. 5514(b)
[section 5514(b) of Title 5] to approve regulations prescribed by
the head  of each agency to carry out 5 U.S.C. 5514 [section 5514
of Title 5] and section 3(a) of the Act of July 15, 1954, c. 509,
68 Stat. 483, 31 U.S.C. 581d [section 581d of Title 31, Money and
Finance]  (relating   to  installment  deductions  from  pay  for
indebtedness because of erroneous payment).

     (2) The  authority of  the President  under  5  U.S.C.  5903


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[section 5903  of Title 5] to prescribe regulations necessary for
the uniform administration of subchapter I of chapter 59 of title
5 of  the United  States Code  [section 5901  et seq. of Title 5]
(relating to uniform allowances).

     (3) The  authority of  the President  under  5  U.S.C.  5942
[section 5942  of Title  5] to prescribe regulations establishing
rates at which an allowance based on duty (except temporary duty)
at remote  work sites  will be  paid and defining and designating
the sites,  areas and  groups of  positions to  which  the  rates
apply.

     (4) The  authority of  the President  under 5  U.S.C.  5942a
[section 5942a of Title 5] to prescribe regulations governing the
payment of  allowances to  employees assigned to duty at Johnston
Island for  the purposes of maintaining the employees' spouses or
dependents, or both, at a location other than Johnston Island.

     Sec. 9.  Office of  Management and  Budget.  The Director of
the Office  of Management  and Budget  is hereby  designated  and
empowered to  exercise, without  the approval,  ratification,  or
other action of the President, the following:

     (1) The  authority of  the President  under 5 U.S.C. 5911(f)
[section 5911(f)  of Title  5] to  issue the regulations provided
for  therein   (relating  to   the  provision,   occupancy,   and
availability of  quarters and  facilities, the  determination  of
rates and  charges therefor,  and other  related matters,  as are
necessary and  appropriate to  carry out the provision of section
5911 [section 5911 of Title 5]).

     (2) The  authority of  the President  under 10 U.S.C. 126(a)
[section 126(a) of Title 10] to approve the transfers of balances
of appropriations provided for therein.

     (3) The  authority of the President under section 202 of the
Budget and  Accounting Procedures  Act of  September 12, 1950, 64
Stat. 833  (31 U.S.C. 581c) [section 581c of Title 31] to approve
the transfers  of balances  of  appropriations  provided  for  in
subsections (a) and (b) of that section.

     (4) The  authority of  the President under the last sentence
of section  11 of  the Act  of June 6, 1924, c. 270, 43 Stat. 463
(40 U.S.C.  72) [section  72 of  Title 40],  to approve  (i)  the
designation  of  lands  to  be  acquired  by  condemnation,  (ii)
contracts for purchase of lands, and (iii) agreements between the
National Capital  Planning Commission and officials of the States
of Maryland and Virginia.

     (5) The  authority of  the President  under section 1 of the
Act of  December 22,  1928, c.  48, 45 Stat. 1070 (40 U.S.C. 72a)
[section 72a  of Title  40], to approve contracts for acquisition
of land subject to limited rights reserved to the grantor and for
the acquisition  of limited  permanent rights  in land  adjoining
park property.

     (6) The  authority of  the President under section 407(b) of


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the Act  of August  30, 1957,  71 Stat.  556 (42 U.S.C. 1594j(b))
[section 1594j(b)  of Title  42] to approve regulations (relating
to the rental of substandard housing for members of the uniformed
services) prescribed  pursuant to  that section.  The Secretaries
referred to  in section  407(c) of  that Act [section 1594j(c) of
Title 42]  shall furnish the Director of the Office of Management
and Budget  such reports with respect to matters within the scope
of the  regulations so  approved as  he may  require and  at such
times as he may specify.

     (7) The  authority of  the President  under 44  U.S.C.  1108
[section 1108  of Title  44, Public  Printing and  Documents]  to
approve the  use, from  the appropriations available for printing
and binding,  of such  sums as  are necessary for the printing of
journals, magazines, periodicals, and similar publications.

     (8) The  authority of  the  President  under  the  paragraph
appearing under  the heading "Expenses of Management Improvement"
in title  III of  the Treasury, Post Office, and Executive Office
Appropriation Act,  1971, P.L.  91-422, 84  Stat. 877,  or by any
reenactment of the provisions of that paragraph in the same or in
a different  amount of funds, to allocate to any agency or office
of the  executive branch  (including the Office of Management and
Budget) funds  appropriated by  that paragraph  or  by  any  such
reenactment on  it.  The Director of the Office of Management and
Budget shall from time to time report to the President concerning
activities carried  on by  executive agencies  and  offices  with
funds allocated  under this  paragraph and  shall, consonant with
law, exercise  such direction  and control  with respect to those
activities as he shall deem appropriate.

     Sec. 10.  General Provisions.  (a) Unless inappropriate, any
reference in  this order  to any provision of law shall be deemed
to include  reference thereto as amended from time to time and as
affected by Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1970 (35 F.R. 7959) [set
out in the Appendix 1 to Title 5].

     (b) Unless  inappropriate, any  reference in  any  Executive
order to  any Executive  order which is superseded by this order,
or  to   any  Executive  order  provision  so  superseded,  shall
hereafter be deemed to refer to this order or to the provision of
the preceding  sections of  this order, if any, which corresponds
to the superseded provision.

     (c) All  actions heretofore  taken  by  the  President,  the
Director of  the Bureau  of the  Budget, or  the Director  of the
Office of  Management  and  Budget  in  respect  of  the  matters
affected by  the provisions  of the  preceding sections  of  this
order and  in force  at the  time of  the issuance of this order,
including any  regulations prescribed  or approved by any of them
in respect  of such matters, shall, except as may be inconsistent
with the  provisions  of  this  order,  remain  in  effect  until
amended, modified, or revoked pursuant to the authority conferred
by this order unless sooner terminated by operation of law.

     Sec. 11.  Orders  superseded.    The  following  are  hereby
superseded:


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     (1) Executive Order No. 10604 of April 22, 1955.

     (2) Executive Order No. 11230 of June 28, 1965.

     (3) Executive Order No. 11275 of March 31, 1966.

     (4) Executive Order No. 11290 of July 21, 1966.

     (5) Section  3 of  Executive Order  No. 11294  of August  4,
1966.

     (6) To  the extent  that it is inconsistent with this order,
Executive Order No. 11541 of July 1, 1970.

     Sec. 12.  Taking effect.   This  order  shall  be  effective
immediately except  that paragraphs  (1) to  (13), inclusive, and
paragraph (19), of section 1 hereof shall become effective ninety
days after the date of this order.

     [Veterans' Administration  and  Administrator  of  Veterans'
Affairs deemed  a reference to Department of Veterans Affairs and
Secretary of  Veterans Affairs,  respectively, pursuant  to  P.L.
100-527, Sec.  10(1), (2),  Oct. 25,  1988, 102  Stat.  2635,  as
amended, set  out as  a note  under  section  301  of  Title  38,
Veterans' Benefits.]

UNITED STATES CODE ANNOTATED

TITLE 5.  GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION AND EMPLOYEES

PART III -- EMPLOYEES

SUBPART D -- PAY AND ALLOWANCES

CHAPTER 55 -- PAY ADMINISTRATION

SUBCHAPTER II -- WITHHOLDING PAY

Current through P.L. 104-194, approved 9-9-96

UNITED STATES CODE ANNOTATED

TITLE 5.  GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION AND EMPLOYEES

PART III -- EMPLOYEES

SUBPART B -- EMPLOYMENT AND RETENTION

CHAPTER 33 -- EXAMINATION, SELECTION, AND PLACEMENT

SUBCHAPTER II -- OATH OF OFFICE

Current through P.L. 104-194, approved 9-9-96

Sec. 3331. Oath of office


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     An individual, except the President, elected or appointed to
an office  of honor  or profit  in the civil service or uniformed
services, shall  take the  following oath:   "I,  AB, do solemnly
swear (or affirm) that I will support and defend the Constitution
of the  United States  against all enemies, foreign and domestic;
that I  will bear  true faith and allegiance to the same;  that I
take this  obligation freely,  without any  mental reservation or
purpose of  evasion;    and  that  I  will  well  and  faithfully
discharge the  duties of the office on which I am about to enter.
So help  me God."   This  section does  not  affect  other  oaths
required by law.

CREDIT(S)

1996 Main Volume

(P.L. 89-554, Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 424.)

[General Materials (GM) - References, Annotations, or Tables]

HISTORICAL NOTES

HISTORICAL AND STATUTORY NOTES

Revision Notes and Legislative Reports

     1966 Acts.

     All but  the quoted language in R.S. Sec. 1757 is omitted as
obsolete since  R.S. Sec. 1757 was originally an alternative oath
to the  oath prescribed in R.S. Sec. 1756 which oath was repealed
by the  Act of  May 13,  1884, ch.  46, Sec. 2, 23 Stat. 22.  The
words "An  individual, except  the President,  . . . in the civil
service or  uniformed services" are substituted for "any person .
. .  either in  the civil, military, or naval service, except the
President of  the United  States".  The second sentence of former
section 16  is changed  to read,  "This section  does not  affect
other oaths required by law.".

     Standard changes  are made  to conform  with the definitions
applicable and the style of this title as outlined in the preface
to the report.

REFERENCES

CROSS REFERENCES

Custody of  oath in  Congress, court,  or agency  to which office
pertains, see 5 USCA 2906.

Fee or pay for administering oath prohibited, see 5 USCA 2904.

Officer affidavit  that no consideration was paid for appointment
filed with oath under this section, see 5 USCA 3332.


                 Qualified State Tax References:
                          Page 28 of 148


Peace Corps  enrollees oath  of office under this section, see 22
USCA 2504.

Persons authorized to administer oath, see 5 USCA 2903.

Postal Service oath of office, see 39 USCA 1011.

Renewal of oaths, see 5 USCA 2905.

Requirement to  take new  oath upon appointment to a higher grade
by  --

Coast Guard Reserve commissioned officers, see 14 USCA 735.

National  Oceanic  and  Atmospheric  Administration  commissioned
officers, see 33 USCA 854a-2.

Officers on the active-duty list, see 10 USCA 626.

Regular Coast Guard officers, see 14 USCA 273.

Reserve active-status list officers, see 10 USCA 14309.

Temporary appointees in time of war or national emergency, see 10
USCA 603.

Warrant officers, see 10 USCA 578.

Reserve component officer subscription to oath prescribed by this
section, see 10 USCA 12201.

Secretary of  the Senate  authorization to  designate  Disbursing
Office employees  to administer  oaths under  this section, see 2
USCA 64-1.

Volunteers in  Service to America oath under this section, see 42
USCA 4954.

Voting  referees  subscription  to  the  oath  required  by  this
section, see 42 USCA 1971.

LIBRARY REFERENCES

American Digest System

Appointment, qualification,  and tenure  of federal officers, see
United States K35.

Mode of administration of oath, see Oaths K3.

Encyclopedias

Appointment of  federal officers,  see C.J.S.  United States Sec.
35.

Requisites  and  sufficiency  of  oaths,  see  C.J.S.  Oaths  and
Affirmations Sec. 5.


                 Qualified State Tax References:
                          Page 29 of 148


ANNOTATIONS

NOTES OF DECISIONS

Effect of oath 5

Expatriation 9

Failure to take oath 6

Form of oath 4

Office within section 2

Other oaths required by law 7

Persons required to take oath 3

Prerequisite to compensation 8

Presumptions 10

Purpose 1

1. Purpose

     In reference  to the  oath of office required by Act Aug. 6,
1861, c.  64, 12  Stat. 326  (predecessor of  the commonly called
test oath  prescribed by Act July 2, 1862, c. 128, 12 Stat. 502),
it was  said that  such oath was wisely framed for the purpose of
upholding the  paramount authority of the national government and
recognized allegiance  to  the  United  States,  as  the  highest
political duty  and it emphatically repelled the deadly heresy of
a  paramount   state  allegiance.     Charge   to   Grand   Jury,
C.C.Mass.1861, 2 Sprague 287, Fed.Cas. No. 18,277.

2. Office within section

     An office  is a public station conferred by appointment, and
the term  embraces the  ideas of tenure, duration, emolument, and
duties.  Drury v. U.S., 1908, 43 Ct.Cl. 237.

3. Persons required to take oath

     A disbursing agent was a public officer required to take the
prescribed oath.  Bartlett v. U.S., 1904, 39 Ct.Cl. 338, affirmed
25 S.Ct. 433, 197 U.S. 230, 49 L.Ed. 735.

     Consular agents  were not  regarded as  officers required to
take the  oath of office and give a bond, but were accountable to
the Consul  under whom  they acted.   Sampson  v. U.S.,  1895, 30
Ct.Cl. 365.

     Requirement of  former Sec.  16  of  this  title  [now  this
section] that  every person  elected or  appointed to any office,
whether of  honor or  profit, take  a prescribed  oath,  did  not


                 Qualified State Tax References:
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extend to  the clerk  of a  Supervisor of Internal Revenue on the
ground that  he was  not an  officer.   Hedrick v. U.S., 1880, 16
Ct.Cl. 88.

     It was  no defense  to action  on arbitration award, made by
Interstate Commerce  Commission in  voluntary  proceedings,  that
oath was  not taken by arbitrator or waived, since every security
given by  arbitrator's oath  was afforded by constitutional oaths
of individual  members of  Commission, required by former Sec. 16
of this  title [now  this section].   Davis v. Rochester Can Co.,
1924, 207 N.Y.S. 33, 124 Misc. 123.

     The oath  prescribed by  Congress for  any person elected or
appointed to  any office  of  honor  or  profit  in  the  "civil,
military, or  naval service  of the  United  States"  except  the
President, has  no application  to officers of the states, or any
subdivision thereof,  and failure  of state  legislators to  take
such oath did not affect the validity of Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art.
52-158 passed  at such  session creating the court that convicted
defendant.   Van  Hodge  v.  State,  1946,  191  S.W.2d  24,  149
Tex.Cr.R. 64.

     Subjects of  a foreign  nation may  be appointed marshals of
the consular  courts, and  when so  appointed need not, under the
laws and  regulations, take  the prescribed  oath  but  all  such
officers should  be required  to take  an oath  or affirmation to
faithfully perform  the duties  of their  offices  except  as  to
allegiance and  support of the Constitution of the United States.
1902, 23 Op.Atty.Gen. 608.

     Where, under  Act Feb.  14, 1889,  c. 166, 25 Stat. 670, one
was appointed  from civil  life to  be major  of engineers in the
Army, and thereupon was placed on the retired list of the Army as
of that  grade, he  had to  take the  required oath, and this act
would be  in law  a legal  acceptance of the office and as such a
sufficient formal acceptance.  1889, 19 Op.Atty.Gen. 283.

     Former Sec. 16 of this title [now this section] contemplated
that the  oath should  be taken  at every  new appointment before
entering upon the duty.  1889, 19 Op.Atty.Gen. 219, 221.

     The words  "every person  elected or appointed to any office
of honor  or profit,  either in  the civil,  military,  or  naval
service", used in former Sec. 16 of this title [now this section]
included members of Congress.  1882, 17 Op.Atty.Gen. 419.

     Clerks in  the executive departments were officers, and were
required to take the oath prescribed.  1868, 12 Op.Atty.Gen. 521.

     Aliens appointed  as professors  at the  U.S. Naval  Academy
must take  the  oath  prescribed  by  this  section.    1943,  23
Comp.Gen. 301.

4. Form of oath

     The form  of oath prescribed by former Sec. 16 of this title
[now this  section] was  intended to  relieve those  to  whom  it


                 Qualified State Tax References:
                          Page 31 of 148


related from  the necessity  of taking  the oath required by R.S.
Sec. 1756  (repealed by  Act May  13, 1884,  c. 46, 23 Stat. 22),
commonly known  as the  test oath, and in lieu thereof to require
the modified oath prescribed.  1871, 13 Op.Atty.Gen. 390.

5. Effect of oath

     An official  oath is  an incident  to the  discharge of  the
duties imposed and does not in itself constitute him who takes it
an officer  de jure.   Glavey  v.  U.S.,  1900,  35  Ct.Cl.  242,
reversed on  other grounds  21 S.Ct.  891, 182 U.S. 595, 45 L.Ed.
1247.

6. Failure to take oath

     Omission of  an officer  to take the required oath does not,
it seems,  invalidate his  acts in  regard to  third persons  nor
subject such  acts to  collateral attack.   Vaccari  v.  Maxwell,
C.C.N.Y.1855, 3 Blatchf. 368, 28 Fed.Cas. 862, No. 16,810.

7. Other oaths required by law

     While Postmasters,  in common  with all other offices of the
United States, except the President, are now required to take the
oath of  office prescribed  in R.S. Sec. 1757 [now this section],
they are not exempted from taking the oath prescribed by Act Mar.
5, 1874,  ch. 46  [now Sec.  1011 of  Title 39],  relative to the
performance of  duties in  the Postal Service, but must take this
also.  1885, 18 Op.Atty.Gen. 181.

8. Prerequisite to compensation

     A public  officer is  usually entitled  to the emoluments of
the office  only after  qualification.   Poore v.  U.S., 1914, 49
Ct.Cl. 192.

9. Expatriation

     A retired reserve officer who is receiving retired pay based
upon completion  of a  prescribed period  of service in the armed
forces when  he acquires  foreign citizenship  would no longer be
liable for  involuntary recall  to active duty in times of war or
national emergency and the acquisition of the foreign citizenship
would be  inconsistent  with  the  oath  prescribed  for  reserve
officers to  support and  defend the  Constitution of  the United
States;   therefore,  in  the  absence  of  any  law  authorizing
continuation of an officer's membership in a reserve organization
after he  becomes a  citizen of  a foreign  country,  payment  of
retired pay may not be approved.  1962, 41 Comp.Gen. 715.

10. Presumptions

     An officer  of the  Customs Service,  duly commissioned, and
acting in the duties of his office, is presumed to have taken the
regular oaths.   U.S.  v. Bachelder,  C.C.N.H.1814, Fed.Cas.  No.
14,490.



                 Qualified State Tax References:
                          Page 32 of 148


5 USCA 3331, Oath of office

------------ Excerpt from pages 35785-35789


Sec. 5511. Withholding pay;  employees removed for cause

     (a) Except  as provided  by subsection  (b) of this section,
the earned  pay of  an employee  removed for  cause  may  not  be
withheld or confiscated.

     (b) If  an employee indebted to the United States is removed
for cause,  the pay  accruing to the employee shall be applied in
whole or in part to the satisfaction of any claim or indebtedness
due the United States.

CREDIT(S)

1996 Main Volume

(P.L. 89-554, Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 477.)

[General Materials (GM) - References, Annotations, or Tables]


HISTORICAL NOTES

HISTORICAL AND STATUTORY NOTES

Revision Notes and Legislative Reports

     1966 Acts.

     In subsection  (a), the  words "From  and after February 24,
1931"  are   omitted  as   executed.    The  word  "employee"  is
coextensive with  and substituted  for  "civil  employee  of  the
United States" in view of the definition of "employee" in section
2105.

     Standard changes  are made  to conform  with the definitions
applicable and the style of this title as outlined in the preface
to the report.

REFERENCES

LIBRARY REFERENCES

American Digest System

Recovery of  compensation after suspension or removal of officer,
agent, or employee, see United States K39(1) et seq., 39(8).

Encyclopedias

Recovery of  compensation after suspension or removal of officer,
agent, or employee, see C.J.S. United States Sec. 43 et seq.


                 Qualified State Tax References:
                          Page 33 of 148


5 USCA 5511, Withholding pay;  employees removed for cause

------------ Excerpt from page 36772


UNITED STATES CODE ANNOTATED

TITLE 5.  GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION AND EMPLOYEES

PART III -- EMPLOYEES

SUBPART D -- PAY AND ALLOWANCES

CHAPTER 55 -- PAY ADMINISTRATION

SUBCHAPTER II -- WITHHOLDING PAY

Current through P.L. 104-194, approved 9-9-96

Sec. 5512. Withholding pay;  individuals in arrears

     (a) The pay of an individual in arrears to the United States
shall be  withheld until  he has  accounted for and paid into the
Treasury of the United States all sums for which he is liable.

     (b) When  pay is  withheld  under  subsection  (a)  of  this
section,  the  General  Accounting  Office,  on  request  of  the
individual, his  agent, or his attorney, shall report immediately
to the  Attorney General  the balance  due;    and  the  Attorney
General, within 60 days, shall order suit to be commenced against
the individual.

CREDIT(S)

1996 Main Volume

(P.L. 89-554,  Sept. 6,  1966, 80  Stat. 477;  P.L. 92-310, Title
II, Sec. 202, June 6, 1972, 86 Stat. 202.)

[General Materials (GM) - References, Annotations, or Tables]


HISTORICAL NOTES

HISTORICAL AND STATUTORY NOTES

Revision Notes and Legislative Reports

     1966 Acts.

     In subsection  (b), reference  to  the  "General  Accounting
Office" is  substituted for "accounting officers of the Treasury"
on authority  of the  Act of June 10, 1921, ch. 18, title III, 42
Stat. 23.   The  words "on  request of"  are substituted  for "if
required to  do so  by" as more accurately reflecting the intent.


                 Qualified State Tax References:
                          Page 34 of 148


Reference to the "Attorney General" is substituted for "Solicitor
of the  Treasury" and  "Solicitor" on  authority of section 16 of
the Act  of March  3, 1933, ch. 212, 47 Stat. 1517;  section 5 of
E.O. 6166,  June 10, 1933;  and section 1 of 1950 Reorg. Plan No.
2, 64 Stat. 1261.

     Standard changes  are made  to conform  with the definitions
applicable and the style of this title as outlined in the preface
to the report.

     1972 Acts.  Senate Report  No. 92-790,  see 1972  U.S.  Code
Cong. and Adm. News, p. 2364.

Amendments

     1972 Amendments.  Subsec. (b).   P.L. 92-310 eliminated "and
his sureties" following "against the individual".

REFERENCES

CROSS REFERENCES

Armed forces  officers pay  withheld under  this section,  see 37
USCA 1007.

Coast Guard,  pay of  enlisted men indebted to United States, see
14 USCA 461.

LIBRARY REFERENCES

American Digest System

Compensation  of   federal  officers,   agents,  and   employees;
deductions and  set-offs against pay, see United States K39(1) et
seq., 39(10).

Encyclopedias

Compensation  of   federal  officers,   agents,  and   employees;
deductions and  set-offs against pay, see C.J.S. United States 43
et seq., 49.

ANNOTATIONS

NOTES OF DECISIONS

Generally 1

Hearing 4

Mandatory nature of section 2

Moot questions 5

Payments subject to withholding 3

1. Generally


                 Qualified State Tax References:
                          Page 35 of 148


     Federal Housing  Administration and Veterans' Administration
possessed clear authority to initiate setoff mechanism to collect
alleged debt  of federal government employee, who was employed by
Veterans'  Administration,  to  Federal  Housing  Administration.
Atwater v. Roudebush, D.C.Ill.1976, 452 F.Supp. 622.

2. Mandatory nature of section

     Should accountable  officer request  it, General  Accounting
Office is  required to  report lost  amount to  Attorney General,
who, in  turn, is  required to  institute  legal  action  against
accountable officer;   since  this section is mandatory, there is
no provision  for discretion to decline to report debt, or to sue
accountable officer.  1985, 64 Op.Comp.Gen. 606.

3. Payments subject to withholding

     Where  $15,992.20  in  government  funds  disappeared  while
entrusted to  United States Navy petty officer who was serving as
an agent-cashier aboard ship, the Navy did not act arbitrarily or
capriciously in  withholding a  total of $5,845.92 from the petty
officer's pay  between the  time the  loss was discovered and the
date of  his voluntary discharge from the Navy.  Serrano v. U.S.,
Ct.Cl.1979, 612 F.2d 525, 222 Ct.Cl. 52.

     Government possesses  clear  legal  authority,  grounded  in
common law  right of every creditor to apply moneys of his debtor
in his  hands to extinguishment of claims due him from debtor, to
apply all  available assets  in its  possession,  including  both
unpaid  salary  and  retirement  funds  belonging  to  defaulting
officer or  employee  toward  liquidation  of  that  individual's
indebtedness to  government.  Atwater v. Roudebush, D.C.Ill.1976,
452 F.Supp. 622.

     Where it  has been  determined that  a  United  States  Post
Office Department [now United States Postal Service] employee was
responsible for  thefts from registered currency remittances, the
setoff of  plaintiff's indebtedness  against  his  civil  service
retirement credit  and his  withheld salary  is authorized  under
this section.  Parker v. U.S., Ct.Cl.1969, 187 Ct.Cl. 553.

4. Hearing

     The Immigration  and Naturalization  Service must accord its
employees a  Goldberg v.  Kelly type  hearing before  the Service
withholds, pursuant  to this section, the wages of such employees
in satisfaction of a debt allegedly owed the United States.  1979
(Counsel-Inf.Op.) 3 Op.O.L.C. 269.

5. Moot questions

     Collection  of   debt  prior  to,  or  during  pendency  of,
litigation does  not present  courts with  moot  question,  since
issue at trial concerns original amount asserted against officer,
and not balance remaining to be paid.  1985, 64 Op.Comp.Gen. 606.


                 Qualified State Tax References:
                          Page 36 of 148


5 USCA 5512, Withholding pay;  individuals in arrears
------------ Excerpt from pages 36773-36775


UNITED STATES CODE ANNOTATED

TITLE 5.  GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION AND EMPLOYEES

PART III -- EMPLOYEES

SUBPART D -- PAY AND ALLOWANCES

CHAPTER 55 -- PAY ADMINISTRATION

SUBCHAPTER II -- WITHHOLDING PAY

Current through P.L. 104-194, approved 9-9-96

UNITED STATES CODE ANNOTATED

TITLE 5.  GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION AND EMPLOYEES

PART III -- EMPLOYEES

SUBPART D -- PAY AND ALLOWANCES

CHAPTER 55 -- PAY ADMINISTRATION

SUBCHAPTER II -- WITHHOLDING PAY

Current through P.L. 104-194, approved 9-9-96

Sec. 5513.  Withholding pay;   credit disallowed or charge raised
for payment

     When the  General Accounting  Office, on  a statement of the
account of  a disbursing  or certifying  official of  the  United
States, disallows  credit or  raises a charge for a payment to an
individual in  or under an Executive agency otherwise entitled to
pay, the  pay of  the payee shall be withheld in whole or in part
until full  reimbursement is made under regulations prescribed by
the head of the Executive agency from which the payee is entitled
to receive  pay.  This section does not repeal or modify existing
statutes relating  to the  collection of  the indebtedness  of an
accountable, certifying, or disbursing official.

CREDIT(S)

1996 Main Volume

(P.L. 89-554, Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 477.)

[General Materials (GM) - References, Annotations, or Tables]


                 Qualified State Tax References:
                          Page 37 of 148


HISTORICAL NOTES

HISTORICAL AND STATUTORY NOTES

Revision Notes and Legislative Reports

     1966 Acts.

     The words  "On and  after  May  26,  1936"  are  omitted  as
executed.   The word  "official" is substituted for "officer" and
"officers"  as  the  definition  of  "officer"  in  section  2104
excludes a  member of  a uniformed  service.  The words "from the
United States  or from  an agency or instrumentality thereof" are
omitted as unnecessary.

     Standard changes  are made  to conform  with the definitions
applicable and the style of this title as outlined in the preface
to the report.

REFERENCES

LIBRARY REFERENCES

American Digest System

Compensation  of   federal  officers,   agents,  and   employees;
deductions and  set-offs against pay, see United States K39(1) et
seq., 39(10).

Encyclopedias

Compensation  of   federal  officers,   agents,  and   employees;
deductions and  set-offs against pay, see C.J.S. United States 43
et seq., 49.

5 USCA 5513, Withholding pay;  credit disallowed or charge raised
for payment

------------ Excerpt from pages 36776-36777


UNITED STATES CODE ANNOTATED

TITLE 5.  GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION AND EMPLOYEES

PART III -- EMPLOYEES

SUBPART D -- PAY AND ALLOWANCES

CHAPTER 55 -- PAY ADMINISTRATION

SUBCHAPTER II -- WITHHOLDING PAY

Current through P.L. 104-194, approved 9-9-96

Sec. 5514.  Installment deduction  for indebtedness to the United
States


                 Qualified State Tax References:
                          Page 38 of 148


     (a)(1) When the head of an agency or his designee determines
that an  employee, member  of the  Armed Forces or Reserve of the
Armed Forces, is indebted to the United States for debts to which
the United  States is  entitled to  be repaid  at the time of the
determination by  the head  of an  agency or  his designee, or is
notified of  such a  debt by  the head  of another  agency or his
designee the  amount of  indebtedness may be collected in monthly
installments, or  at officially  established  pay  intervals,  by
deduction from  the current  pay account  of the individual.  The
deductions may  be made  from basic  pay, special  pay, incentive
pay, retired  pay, retainer pay, or, in the case of an individual
not entitled  to basic  pay, other  authorized pay.   The  amount
deducted for  any period  may not exceed 15 percent of disposable
pay, except  that a  greater percentage  may be deducted upon the
written consent  of the  individual involved.   If the individual
retires or resigns, or if his employment or period of active duty
otherwise  ends,   before  collection   of  the   amount  of  the
indebtedness  is   completed,  deduction   shall  be   made  from
subsequent payments  of any  nature due  the individual  from the
agency concerned.   All  Federal agencies to which debts are owed
and which  have outstanding delinquent debts shall participate in
a computer  match at  least annually  of  their  delinquent  debt
records with  records of  Federal  employees  to  identify  those
employees who  are delinquent  in repayment  of those debts.  The
preceding sentence shall not apply to any debt under the Internal
Revenue Code  of 1986.   Matched  Federal employee  records shall
include, but  shall not  be limited  to, records  of active Civil
Service   employees   government-wide,   military   active   duty
personnel, military  reservists,  United  States  Postal  Service
employees,  employees   of  other  government  corporations,  and
seasonal and  temporary employees.  The Secretary of the Treasury
shall  establish   and  maintain  an  interagency  consortium  to
implement  centralized   salary  offset  computer  matching,  and
promulgate regulations  for this  program.  Agencies that perform
centralized salary  offset computer  matching services under this
subsection are authorized to charge a fee sufficient to cover the
full cost for such services.

     (2) Except  as provided in paragraph (3) of this subsection,
prior to  initiating any  proceedings under paragraph (1) of this
subsection to collect any indebtedness of an individual, the head
of the agency holding the debt or his designee, shall provide the
individual with  --

     (A) a  minimum of thirty days written notice, informing such
individual  of   the  nature   and  amount  of  the  indebtedness
determined by  such agency to be due, the intention of the agency
to initiate  proceedings to  collect the  debt through deductions
from pay,  and an  explanation of  the rights  of the  individual
under this subsection;

     (B) an  opportunity to  inspect and  copy Government records
relating to the debt;

     (C) an  opportunity to  enter into  a written agreement with
the agency,  under terms  agreeable to  the head of the agency or


                 Qualified State Tax References:
                          Page 39 of 148


his designee,  to establish  a schedule  for the repayment of the
debt;  and

     (D) an opportunity for a hearing on the determination of the
agency concerning the existence or the amount of the debt, and in
the case of an individual whose repayment schedule is established
other than  by a  written agreement pursuant to subparagraph (C),
concerning the terms of the repayment schedule.

A hearing,  described in  subparagraph (D),  shall be provided if
the individual,  on or before the fifteenth day following receipt
of the  notice described  in subparagraph  (A), and in accordance
with such  procedures as  the head  of the  agency may prescribe,
files a petition requesting such a hearing.  The timely filing of
a petition  for hearing shall stay the commencement of collection
proceedings.   A  hearing  under  subparagraph  (D)  may  not  be
conducted by  an individual  under the  supervision or control of
the head  of the  agency, except  that nothing  in this  sentence
shall  be   construed  to   prohibit  the   appointment   of   an
administrative law  judge.   The hearing  official shall  issue a
final decision  at the  earliest practicable  date, but not later
than sixty  days after  the filing of the petition requesting the
hearing.

     (3) Paragraph  (2) shall  not apply  to routine intra-agency
adjustments  of   pay  that   are  attributable  to  clerical  or
administrative errors  or delays in processing pay documents that
have  occurred   within  the   four  pay  periods  preceding  the
adjustment and  to any adjustment that amounts to $50 or less, if
at the  time  of  such  adjustment,  or  as  soon  thereafter  as
practical, the  individual is  provided  written  notice  of  the
nature and  the amount  of the  adjustment and a point of contact
for contesting such adjustment.

     (4) The collection of any amount under this section shall be
in accordance with the standards promulgated pursuant to sections
3711 and  3716-3718 of  title 31  or in accordance with any other
statutory authority  for the  collection of  claims of the United
States or any agency thereof.

     (5) For purposes of this subsection  --

     (A)  "disposable   pay"  means  that  part  of  pay  of  any
individual remaining  after the  deduction from those earnings of
any amounts required by law to be withheld;  and

     (B) "agency"  includes executive  departments and  agencies,
the United States Postal Service, the Postal Rate Commission, the
United States Senate, the United States House of Representatives,
and any court, court administrative office, or instrumentality in
the judicial  or legislative  branches  of  the  Government,  and
government corporations.

     (b)(1) The  head of each agency shall prescribe regulations,
subject to  the approval  of the  President, to  carry  out  this
section and  section 3530(d) of title 31.  Regulations prescribed
by the  Secretaries of  the military departments shall be uniform


                 Qualified State Tax References:
                          Page 40 of 148


for the military services insofar as practicable.

     (2) For  purposes of  section  7117(a)  of  this  title,  no
regulation prescribed  to carry  out subsection  (a)(2)  of  this
section shall  be considered  to be  a  Government-wide  rule  or
regulation.

     (c) Subsection  (a) of this section does not modify existing
statutes which provide for forfeiture of pay or allowances.  This
section and section 3530(d) of title 31 do not repeal, modify, or
amend section  4837(d) or 9837(d) of title 10 or section 1007(b),
(c) of title 37.

     (d) A  levy pursuant  to the  Internal Revenue  Code of 1986
shall take precedence over other deductions under this section.

CREDIT(S)

1996 Main Volume

(P.L. 89-554,  Sept. 6,  1966, 80  Stat. 477;   P.L.  96-54, Sec.
2(a)(2), Aug.  14,  1979,  93  Stat.  381;    P.L.  97-258,  Sec.
3(a)(12), Sept.  13, 1982,  96 Stat.  1063;  P.L. 97-365, Sec. 5,
Oct. 25,  1982, 96  Stat. 1751;   P.L. 97-452, Sec. 2(a)(2), Jan.
12, 1983,  96 Stat.  2478;   P.L. 98-216,  Sec. 3(a)(4), Feb. 14,
1984, 98 Stat. 6.)

1996 Electronic Update

(As amended  P.L. 104-134,  Title III,  Sec. 31001(h),  Apr.  26,
1996, 110 Stat. 1321-363.)

[General Materials (GM) - References, Annotations, or Tables]

HISTORICAL NOTES

HISTORICAL AND STATUTORY NOTES

Revision Notes and Legislative Reports

     1966 Acts.

     In subsection  (a), the words "head of the agency concerned"
are substituted for "Secretary of the department concerned or the
head of the agency or independent establishment concerned, or one
of their  designees".   The words  "an employee,  a member of the
armed forces,  or a  Reserve of the armed forces" are coextensive
with and substituted for "an employee of the United States or any
member of  the Army,  Navy, Air  Force, Marine  Corps,  or  Coast
Guard, or a reserve component thereof" in view of the definitions
in sections  2101 and  2105.   The words "basic compensation" are
omitted as included in "basic pay".

     In subsection  (b), the  words "head  of  each  agency"  are
substituted for  "Each Secretary  of a  department, or head of an
agency or  independent establishment, as appropriate".  The words
"Secretaries of  the military  departments" are  substituted  for


                 Qualified State Tax References:
                          Page 41 of 148


"Secretaries of  the Army, Navy, and Air Force" to conform to the
definition of "military department" in section 102.

     In subsection  (c), the words "section 4837(d) or 9837(d) of
title 10 or section 1007(b), (c) of title 37" are substituted for
"the provisions  of the  Act of  May 22,  1928 (ch. 676, 45 Stat.
698)" in  section 4  of the Act of July 15, 1954, on authority of
the Acts  of Aug.  10, 1956, ch. 1041, Sec. 49(b), 70A Stat. 640,
and Sept. 7, 1962, P.L. 87-649, Sec. 12(b), 76 Stat. 497.

     1979 Acts.  Senate Report  No. 96-276,  see 1979  U.S.  Code
Cong. and Adm. News, p. 931.

     1982 Acts. House Report No. 97-651, see 1982 U.S. Code Cong.
and Adm. News, p. 1895.

     Senate Report  Nos. 97-378  and 97-287,  see 1982  U.S. Code
Cong. and Adm. News, p. 3377.

     1983 Acts.  Detailed Explanation  prepared by  the Office of
the Law Revision Counsel, see 1982 U.S. Code Cong. and Adm. News,
p. 4301.

     1984 Acts.  Detailed Explanation of H.R. 2727, see 1984 U.S.
Code Cong. and Adm. News, p. 3.

References in Text

     The Internal  Revenue Code  of 1986, referred to in subsecs.
(a)(1) and (d), is set out in Title 26, Internal Revenue Code.

Amendments

     1996  Amendments.   Subsec.  (a)(1).    P.L.  104-134,  Sec.
31001(h)(A)(i),  inserted   provisions  directing   all   Federal
agencies to  which debts  are owed  and  which  have  outstanding
delinquent debts  to participate  in a  computer match  at  least
annually with  records of Federal employees to identify those who
are delinquent,  directing  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  to
establish and  maintain an  interagency consortium  to  implement
centralized salary  offset  computer  matching,  and  authorizing
agencies that  perform such computer matching to charge a fee for
the full cost of such services.

     Subsec. (a)(3).   P.L. 104-134, Sec. 31001(h)(A)(iii), added
par. (3).  Former par. (3) redesignated (4).

     Subsec. (a)(4),  (5).   P.L. 104-134,  Sec. 31001(h)(A)(ii),
redesignated  former   pars.  (3)   and  (4)   as  (4)  and  (5),
respectively.

     Subsec. (a)(5)(B).    P.L.  104-134,  Sec.  31001(h)(A)(iv),
amended subpar.  (B) generally.   Prior to amendment, subpar. (B)
read as  follows:   "'agency' includes  the United  States Postal
Service and the Postal Rate Commission."

     Subsec. (d).   P.L. 104-134, Sec. 31001(h)(B), added subsec.


                 Qualified State Tax References:
                          Page 42 of 148


(d).
     1984 Amendments.  Subsec.  (c).    P.L.  98-216  substituted
"section 3530(d) for "section 581d".

     1983 Amendments.  Subsec. (a)(3).   P.L. 97-452, substituted
"sections 3711 and 3716-3718 of title 31" for "the Federal Claims
Collection Act of 1966 (31 U.S.C. 951 et seq.)".

     1982  Amendments.   Catchline.    P.L.  97-365,  Sec.  5(c),
substituted "indebtedness to the United States" for "indebtedness
because of erroneous payment".

     Subsec. (a).  P.L. 97-365,  Sec. 5(a),  designated  existing
provisions as  par. (1), in par. (1) as so designated substituted
provisions relating  to debts  to  which  the  United  States  is
entitled to  be repaid  for provisions  which had  related to  an
indebtedness to the United States because of an erroneous payment
made by  an agency  to or  on  behalf  of  an  individual,  added
provisions relating  to the notification of a debt by the head of
another  agency   or   his   designee,   substituted   provisions
authorizing  the  deduction  of  not  to  exceed  15  percent  of
disposable pay  for provisions which had authorized the deduction
of not  to exceed  two-thirds of the pay from which the deduction
was made, and added pars. (2), (3), and (4).

     Subsec. (b).  P.L. 97-365,  Sec. 5(b),  designated  existing
provisions as par. (1) and added par. (2).

     P.L.  97-258,   Sec.  3(a)(12),  substituted  "3530(d)"  for
"581d".

     1979  Amendments.  Subsec.  (b).    P.L.  96-54  substituted
"President" for "Director of the Bureau of the Budget".

Effective Dates

     1996 Acts.  Amendment by  P.L. 104-134  effective  Apr.  26,
1996, see  section 31001(a)(2)(A)  of P.L.  104-134, set out as a
note under section 3322 of Title 31, Money and Finance.

     1979 Acts.  Amendment by P.L. 96-54 effective July 12, 1979,
see section  2(b) of  P.L. 96-54, set out as a note under section
305 of this title.

Savings Provisions

     For savings provisions relating to amendment by P.L. 98-216,
see section  5(d) of  P.L. 98-216,  set out  as a  note preceding
section 101 of Title 31, Money and Finance.

Short Title

     1982 Amendments.  Section 1  of P.L. 97-365 provided:  "That
this Act [enacting sections 954 and 955 of former Title 31, Money
and Finance,  amending this  section and  section  552a  of  this
title, section  1114 of  Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure,


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sections 6103  and 7213  of  Title  26,  Internal  Revenue  Code,
section 2415  of Title  28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure, and
sections 484,  951, and  952 of  former Title  31,  and  enacting
provisions set  out as  notes under this section and section 6103
of Title 26] may be cited as the 'Debt Collection Act of 1982'."

Delegation of Functions

     Authority of the President under subsec. (b) of this section
to approve  regulations prescribed  by the head of each agency to
carry out  this section  and section  581d of Title 31, Money and
Finance [31 U.S.C.A. 3530(d)], relating to installment deductions
from pay for indebtedness because of erroneous payment, delegated
to the  Office of  Personnel Management,  see section 8(1) of Ex.
Ord. No.  11609, July  22, 1971, 36 F.R. 13747, set out as a note
under section 301 of Title 3, The President.

Collection of  Indebtedness of  Employees of  Federal  Government
Resulting From  Action or Suit Brought Against Employee by United
States

     P.L. 97-276, Sec. 124, Oct. 2, 1982, 96 Stat. 1195, provided
that:    "Notwithstanding  any  other  provision  of  this  joint
resolution [P.L.  97-276], in  the case  of any  employee of  the
Federal Government  who is  indebted to  the  United  States,  as
determined by  a court  of the United States in an action or suit
brought against such employee by the United States, the amount of
the indebtedness  may be collected in monthly installments, or at
officially established regular pay period intervals, by deduction
in reasonable  amounts  from  the  current  pay  account  of  the
individual.   The deductions  may be  made only  from basic  pay,
special pay,  incentive pay, or, in the case of an individual not
entitled to basic pay, other authorized pay.  Collection shall be
made over  a period  not greater  than the  anticipated period of
employment.   The amount  deducted for  any period may not exceed
one-fourth of  the pay  from which  the deduction is made, unless
the deduction  of a  greater amount  is  necessary  to  make  the
collection within  the period  of anticipated employment.  If the
individual retires  or resigns,  or if  his employment  otherwise
ends, before  collection of  the amount  of the  indebtedness  is
completed, deduction  shall be  made from  later payments  of any
nature due to the individual from the United States Treasury."

Improvements in  Debt Collection Procedures Under 1982 Amendments
as Contained  in Debt  Collection Act  of  1982  Inapplicable  to
Claims  or  Indebtedness  Under  Internal  Revenue  Code,  Social
Security Act, or Tariff Laws

     Section 8(e) of P.L. 97-365, as amended by P.L. 99-514, Sec.
2, Oct.  22, 1986,  100 Stat.  2095, provided  that:   "Except as
otherwise provided  in section 4 or 7 or the foregoing provisions
of this  section [amending  sections 6103  and 7213  of Title 26,
Internal Revenue  Code, and  enacting provisions set out as notes
under section  6103 of  Title 26], nothing in this Act (or in the
amendments made  by this Act) [see Short Title of 1982 Amendments
note under  this section]  shall apply  to claims or indebtedness
arising under,  or amounts  payable under,  the Internal  Revenue


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Code of  1986 [Title 26], the Social Security Act [section 301 et
seq. of  Title 42,  The Public Health and Welfare], or the tariff
laws of the United States [Title 19, Customs Duties]."

REFERENCES

CROSS REFERENCES

Advisory Council  on Historic  Preservation employees  subject to
Department of  the Interior  regulations  prescribed  under  this
section, see 16 USCA 470m.

Armed forces  members provided  same notice  and opportunities as
provided under this section for breach of lease or damage paid by
military, see 10 USCA 1055.

Food stamp program overissuance of coupons recovered from Federal
pay as authorized by this section for purposes of  --

Disposition of claims, see 7 USCA 2022.

State plans of operation, see 7 USCA 2020.

Student loans  in default and referred to Secretary of Health and
Human Services  treated as  debt  subject  to  this  section  for
purposes of  --

Health professions education, see 42 USCA 292r.

Nurse education, see 42 USCA 297b.

LIBRARY REFERENCES

Administrative Law

Administrative personnel, see 5 CFR Parts 179, 550, and 1210.

Agriculture, see 7 CFR Part 3.

Banks and banking, see 12 CFR Parts 608 and 1408.

Commerce and foreign trade, see 15 CFR Part 22.

Commodity and securities exchanges, see 17 CFR Parts 141 and 204.

Education, see 34 CFR Parts 31 and 32.

Employees' benefits, see 20 CFR Part 361.

Energy, see 10 CFR Part 16.

Foreign relations, see 22 CFR Parts 34, 213, 309, 512, and 1007.

Housing and urban development, see 24 CFR Part 17.

Labor, see 29 CFR Parts 20, 1450, and 1600.


                 Qualified State Tax References:
                          Page 45 of 148


Mineral resources, see 30 CFR Part 870.

Money and Finance, Treasury, see 31 CFR Part 5.

National defense, see 32 CFR Part 1697.

Panama Canal, see 35 CFR Part 256.

Parks, forests, and public property, see 36 CFR Part 705.

Pensions, bonuses, and veterans' relief, see 38 CFR Part 1.

Postal Service, see 39 CFR Part 961.

Protection of environment, see 40 CFR Part 13.

Public welfare, see 45 CFR Parts 30, 607, 708, and 1179.

Telecommunication, see 47 CFR Part 1.

Transportation, see 49 CFR Parts 92 and 1017.

American Digest System

Recovery by government of compensation paid to officer, agent, or
employee, see United States K39(14).

Encyclopedias

Recovery by government of compensation paid to officer, agent, or
employee, see C.J.S. United States Sec. 50.

Law Review and Journal Commentaries

Due process  in federal  debt collection by offset:  Two concepts
and a case study.  Martin B. White, 41 Okla.L.Rev. 195 (1988).

ANNOTATIONS

NOTES OF DECISIONS

Constitutionality 1/2

Construction with other laws 1

Extreme financial hardship 7

Head of agency determination

Head of agency determination - Generally 2

Head of agency determination - Discretion of agency head 3

Indebtedness for which deductions may be made

Indebtedness for which deductions may be made - Generally 4


                 Qualified State Tax References:
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Indebtedness for  which deductions  may be  made -  Armed  forces
members 5

Jurisdiction 6

1/2. Constitutionality

     Statute  permitting   Department  of  Education  to  collect
student loan  debts of federal employees via offset against their
wages was  rationally related  to legitimate governmental purpose
of securing repayment of federally insured student loans, and did
not violate  federal employee's  equal protection rights.  Sibley
v. U.S. Dept. of Educ., N.D.Ill.1995, 913 F.Supp. 1181.

1. Construction with other laws

     Offsets against  employee's final  salary check and lump-sum
leave payment are governed generally by section 3716 of Title 31,
and fifteen percent limitation of this section is not applicable.
1985, 64 Op.Comp.Gen. 907.

     This section,  with its implementing regulations, authorizes
salary offset procedure not required by more specific provisions,
such as  sections 5522,  5705, and  5724 of this title.  1984, 64
Op.Comp.Gen. 142.

     This section  does not  require change  in rule  that  debts
arising  from   erroneous  payments  to  Army  enlisted  men  are
"administratively ascertained"  debts within  purview of 4837 and
9837 of  Title 10  and thus subject to remission by the Secretary
of the Army under such sections.  1956, 35 Comp.Gen. 421.

2. Head of agency determination -- Generally

     It was  invalid to  withhold installments from salary of Air
Force officer because of allegedly illegal dependency payments to
his parents  under this  section requiring Secretary of Air Force
or his designee to order withholding, where neither Secretary nor
his designee  made  required  determination.    Arnold  v.  U.S.,
Ct.Cl.1968, 404 F.2d 953, 186 Ct.Cl. 117.

3.  --  Discretion of agency head

     Order directing  the withholding of installments from salary
of Air  Force officer  because of  allegedly  illegal  dependency
payments to  his parents was invalid, where the withholding order
was issued  without any  exercise of  discretion by the Air Force
but solely  as a  mechanical response  to  Comptroller  General's
certificate of  indebtedness.   Arnold v.  U.S., Ct.Cl.1968,  404
F.2d 953, 186 Ct.Cl. 117.

4. Indebtedness for which deductions may be made -- Generally

     After  Air   Force  has   been  properly   billed  by  Labor
Department, an  overpayment by Department's employee compensation
fund to Air Force employee may be collected under this section as
if it  had been  made directly  by Air Force.  1982, 61 Op. Comp.


                 Qualified State Tax References:
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Gen. 450.

     Where federal  employee was erroneously granted compensatory
time off  in excess of the hours for which he could have received
overtime pay  under the aggregate salary limitation provisions of
section 5547  of this title, such employee's annual leave balance
could not  be charged  with a compensatory time deduction without
employee consent,  but such amount could be recovered by means of
offset.  (1979) 58 Op. Comp. Gen. 571.

5.  --  --  Armed forces members

     Statute [set out as a note under this section] providing 25%
right of offset against "current pay account" of "any employee of
the Federal  Government" who is indebted to United States did not
apply to  members of  armed forces.  U.S. v. Tafoya, C.A.5 (Tex.)
1986, 803 F.2d 140.

     Where it was invalid to withhold installments from salary of
Air  Force   officer  because  of  allegedly  illegal  dependency
payments to  his parents  because neither  Secretary of Air Force
nor his  designee authorized  such withholding,  Secretary had no
power years  later through  designee to  direct the  withholding.
Arnold v. U.S., Ct.Cl.1968, 404 F.2d 953, 183 Ct.Cl. 117.

6. Jurisdiction

     Claim of  retired Marine officer to amounts withheld monthly
from his  retirement pay  on ground  retired Marine  officer  had
received overpayment  of retirement  pay constituted  claim  over
which Court of Claims [now Court of Federal Claims] had exclusive
jurisdiction, and,  therefore, federal  district court  could not
entertain claim  for recovery of the amounts withheld.  Gordon v.
Shoup, C.A.D.C.1963, 316 F.2d 683, 115 U.S.App.D.C. 32.

7. Extreme financial hardship

     Federal government  employee failed  to show that 15% offset
from wages  proposed by  Department of Education for repayment of
student  loan   would  impose  "extreme  financial  hardship"  on
employee within meaning of statutory restriction on such offsets,
where employee  failed to  provide medical records in support his
claim that  he had  to eat  four times  a day  at restaurants, to
demonstrate extent to which his health insurance covered his $657
claimed monthly medical expenses, or to show that claimed monthly
credit card  expense related  to charges  incurred for  essential
subsistence expenses;   unsupported  expense claims were properly
reduced or  eliminated, in assessing what hardship, if any, would
result from  allowance of  15% offset  against employee's  wages.
Sibley v. U.S. Dept. of Educ., N.D.Ill.1995, 913 F.Supp. 1181.

5 USCA 5514, Installment deduction for indebtedness to the United
States

------------ Excerpt from pages 36778-36788


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Sec. 5516. Withholding District of Columbia income taxes

     (a)  The   Secretary  of  the  Treasury,  under  regulations
prescribed by  the President,  shall enter into an agreement with
the Mayor  of the  District of  Columbia within  120  days  of  a
request for  agreement from  the  Mayor.    The  agreement  shall
provide that  the head  of each agency of the United States shall
comply with  the requirements  of subchapter  II of chapter 15 of
title 47,  District of Columbia Code, in the case of employees of
the agency  who are  subject to  income  taxes  imposed  by  that
subchapter and  whose regular  place of  employment is within the
District of  Columbia.   The agreement may not apply to pay of an
employee who  is not  a resident  of the  District of Columbia as
defined in  subchapter II  of chapter 15 of title 47, District of
Columbia Code.  In the case of pay for service as a member of the
armed forces,  the second  sentence of  this subsection  shall be
applied by  substituting "who  are residents  of the  District of
Columbia" for  "whose regular  place of  employment is within the
District of  Columbia".   For the  purpose  of  this  subsection,
"employee" has  the meaning given it by section 1551c(z) of title
47, District of Columbia Code.

     (b) This  section does  not give  the consent  of the United
States to  the  application  of  a  statute  which  imposes  more
burdensome requirements  on  the  United  States  than  on  other
employers, or  which subjects  the United States or its employees
to a penalty or liability because of this section.

CREDIT(S)

1996 Main Volume

(P.L. 89-554,  Sept. 6,  1966, 80  Stat. 478;   P.L. 90-623, Sec.
1(9), Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1312;  P.L. 94-455, Title XII, Sec.
1207(a)(2), Oct.  4, 1976,  90 Stat.  1705;    P.L.  96-54,  Sec.
2(a)(30), Aug. 14, 1979, 93 Stat. 383.)

[General Materials (GM) - References, Annotations, or Tables]

HISTORICAL NOTES

HISTORICAL AND STATUTORY NOTES

Revision Notes and Legislative Reports

     1966 Acts.

     Section 2(c)  "(z)" of the Act of Mar. 31, 1956, 70 Stat. 68
(section  1551c(z)  of  title  47,  District  of  Columbia  Code)
contains a  definition of  "employee" that  is applicable to this
section.   Accordingly, the  last sentence  of subsection  (a) is
added to preserve the application of the source law.

     Standard changes  are made  to conform  with the definitions
applicable and the style of this title as outlined in the preface
to the report.


                 Qualified State Tax References:
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     1968 Acts.  Senate Report No. 1624, see 1968 U.S. Code Cong.
and Adm. News, p. 4446.

     1976 Acts.  House Report  Nos. 94-658  and  94-1380,  Senate
Report No.  94-938(Parts I  and II),  and House Conference Report
No. 94-1515, see 1976 U.S. Code Cong. and Adm. News, p. 2897.

     1979 Acts.  Senate Report  No. 96-276,  see 1979  U.S.  Code
Cong. and Adm. News, p. 931.

Amendments

     1979  Amendments.  Subsec.  (a).    P.L.  96-54  substituted
"Mayor" for "Commissioner" wherever appearing therein.

     1976 Amendments.  P.L. 94-455 struck out "pay for service as
a member of the armed forces, or to" following "The agreement may
not apply  to" and added provision that in the case of service as
a member  of the  armed forces,  the  second  sentence  shall  be
applied by  substituting "who  are residents  of the  District of
Columbia" for  "whose regular  place of  employment is within the
District of Columbia".

     1968 Amendments.  Subsec.  (a).    P.L.  90-623  substituted
"Commissioner" for "Commissioners" in two instances.

Effective Dates

     1979 Acts.  Amendment by P.L. 96-54 effective July 12, 1979,
see section  2(b) of  P.L. 96-54, set out as a note under section
305 of this title.

     1976 Acts.  Section 1207(f)(1) of P.L. 94-455 provided that:
"The amendments  made by  subsection (a) [amending subsec. (a) of
this section  and section  5517(a) of  this title] shall apply to
wages withheld after the 120-day period following any request for
an agreement after the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 4,
1976]."

     1968 Acts.  Amendment by  P.L. 90-623  intended  to  restate
without substantive  change the  law in  effect on Oct. 22, 1968,
see section  6 of  P.L. 90-623,  set out  as a note under section
5334 of this title.

REFERENCES

CROSS REFERENCES

Withholding of District of Columbia income taxes by  --

Clerk and  Sergeant at  Arms of  House of  Representatives, see 2
USCA 60e-1a and 60e-1b.

Secretary of Senate, see 2 USCA 60c-3.

LIBRARY REFERENCES


                 Qualified State Tax References:
                          Page 50 of 148


Administrative Law

Money and finance, Treasury, see 31 CFR Part 215.

America