Time: Wed Aug 20 04:25:20 1997
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Tue, 19 Aug 1997 21:57:25 -0700 (MST)
Date: Wed, 20 Aug 1997 00:57:20 -0400
Originator: heritage-l@gate.net
From: Paul Andrew Mitchell [address in tool bar]
To: pmitch@primenet.com
Subject: SLS: Universal Declaration of Human Rights
<snip>
>
>Subject: SLS: Universal Declaration of Human Rights
>
> Universal Declaration of Human Rights
>
>
>(Adopted by United Nations General Assembly Resolution 217A (III)
>of December 10, 1948)
>
>
>Whereas recognition of the inherent dignity and of the equal and
>inalienable rights of all members of the human family is the
>foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world,
>
>Whereas disregard and contempt for human rights have resulted in
>barbarous acts which have outraged the conscience of mankind, and
>the advent of a world in which human beings shall enjoy freedom
>of speech and belief and freedom from fear and want has been
>proclaimed as the highest aspiration of the common people,
>
>Whereas it is essential, if man is not to be compelled to have
>recourse, as a last resort, to rebellion against tyranny and
>oppression, that human rights should be protected by the rule of
>law,
>
>Whereas it is essential to promote the development of friendly
>relations between nations,
>
>Whereas the peoples of the United Nations have in the Charter
>reaffirmed their faith in fundamental human rights, in the
>dignity and worth of the human person and in the equal rights of
>men and women and have determined to promote social progress and
>better standards of life in larger freedom,
>
>Whereas Member States have pledged themselves to achieve, in
>cooperation with the United Nations, the promotion of universal
>respect for and observance of human rights and fundamental
>freedoms,
>
>Whereas a common understanding of these rights and freedoms is of
>the greatest importance for the full realization of this pledge,
>
>Now, therefore,
>
>The General Assembly
>
>Proclaims this Universal Declaration of Human Rights as a common
>standard of achievement for all peoples and all nations, to the
>end that every individual and every organ of society, keeping
>this Declaration constantly in mind, shall strive by teaching and
>education to promote respect for these rights and freedoms and by
>progressive measures, national and international, to secure their
>universal and effective recognition and observance, both among
>the peoples of Member States themselves and among the peoples of
>territories under their jurisdiction.
>
> Article 1
>
>All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.
>They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act
>towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.
>
>
>
> Universal Declaration of Human Rights: Page 1 of 6
>
> Article 2
>
>Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in
>this Declaration, without distinction of any kind, such as race,
>color, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion,
>national or social origin, property, birth or other status.
>Furthermore, no distinction shall be made on the basis of the
>political, jurisdictional or international status of the country
>or territory to which a person belongs, whether it be
>independent, trust, non-self-governing or under any other
>limitation of sovereignty.
>
>
> Article 3
>
>Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person.
>
>
> Article 4
>
>No one shall be held in slavery or servitude; slavery and the
>slave trade shall be prohibited in all their forms.
>
>
> Article 5
>
>No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or
>degrading treatment or punishment.
>
>
> Article 6
>
>Everyone has the right to recognition everywhere as a person
>before the law.
>
>
> Article 7
>
>All are equal before the law and are entitled without any
>discrimination to equal protection of the law. All are entitled
>to equal protection against any discrimination in violation of
>the Declaration and against any incitement to such
>discrimination.
>
>
> Article 8
>
>Everyone has the right to an effective remedy by the competent
>national tribunals for acts violating the fundamental rights
>granted him by the constitution or by law.
>
>
> Article 9
>
>No one shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest, detention or
>exile.
>
>
>
> Universal Declaration of Human Rights: Page 2 of 6
>
> Article 10
>
>Everyone is entitled in full equality to a fair and public
>hearing by an independent and impartial tribunal, in the
>determination of his rights and obligations and of any criminal
>charge against him.
>
>
> Article 11
>
>1. Everyone charged with a penal offence has the right to be
>presumed innocent until proved guilty according to law in a
>public trial at which he has had all the guarantees necessary for
>his defence.
>
>2. No one shall be held guilty of any penal offence on account
>of any act or omission which did not constitute a penal offence,
>under national or international law, at the time it was
>committed. Nor shall a heavier penalty be imposed than the one
>that was applicable at the time the penal offence was committed.
>
>
> Article 12
>
>No one shall be subjected to arbitrary interference with his
>privacy, family, home or correspondence, nor to attacks upon his
>honour and reputation. Everyone has the right to the protection
>of the law against such interference or attacks.
>
>
> Article 13
>
>1. Everyone has the right to freedom of movement and residence
>within the borders of each state.
>
>2. Everyone has the right to leave any country, including his
>own, and to return to his country.
>
> Article 14
>
>1. Everyone has the right to seek and to enjoy in other
>countries asylum from persecution.
>
>2. This right may not be invoked in the case of prosecutions
>genuinely arising from non-political crimes or from acts contrary
>to the purposes and principles of the United Nations.
>
>
> Article 15
>
>1. Everyone has the right to a nationality.
>
>2. No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his nationality nor
>denied the right to change his nationality.
>
>
>
>
>
> Universal Declaration of Human Rights: Page 3 of 6
>
> Article 16
>
>1. Men and women of full age, without any limitation due to
>race, nationality or religion, have the right to marry and to
>found a family. They are entitled to equal rights as to
>marriage, during marriage and at its dissolution.
>
>2. Marriage shall be entered into only with the free and full
>consent of the intending spouses.
>
>3. The family is the natural and fundamental group unit of
>society and is entitled to protection by society and the State.
>
>
> Article 17
>
>1. Everyone has the right to own property alone as well as in
>association with others.
>
>2. No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his property.
>
>
> Article 18
>
>Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and
>religion; this right includes freedom to change his religion or
>belief, and freedom, either alone or in community with others and
>in public or private, to manifest his religion or belief in
>teaching, practice, worship and observance.
>
>
> Article 19
>
>Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression: this
>right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and
>to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any
>media and regardless of frontiers.
>
>
> Article 20
>
>1. Everyone has the right to freedom of peaceful assembly and
>association.
>
>2. No one may be compelled to belong to an association.
>
>
> Article 21
>
>1. Everyone has the right to take part in the government of his
>country, directly or through freely chosen representatives.
>
>2. Everyone has the right of equal access to public service in
>his country.
>
>3. The will of the people shall be the basis of the authority
>of government; this will shall be expressed in periodic and
>
>
> Universal Declaration of Human Rights: Page 4 of 6
>
>genuine elections which shall be by universal and equal suffrage
>and shall be held by secret vote or by equivalent free voting
>procedures.
>
>
> Article 22
>
>Everyone, as a member of society, has the right to social
>security and is entitled to realization, through national effort
>and international cooperation and in accordance with the
>organization and resources of each State, of the economic, social
>and cultural rights indispensable for his dignity and the free
>development of his personality.
>
>
> Article 23
>
>1. Everyone has the right to work, to free choice of
>employment, to just and favourable conditions of work and to
>protection against unemployment.
>
>2. Everyone, without any discrimination, has the right to equal
>pay for equal work.
>
>3. Everyone who works has the right to just and favourable
>remuneration ensuring for himself and his family an existence
>worthy of human dignity, and supplemented, if necessary, by other
>means of social protection.
>
>4. Everyone has the right to form and to join trade unions for
>the protection of his interests.
>
>
> Article 24
>
>Everyone has the right to rest and leisure, including reasonable
>limitation of working hours and periodic holidays with pay.
>
>
> Article 25
>
>1. Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for
>the health and well-being of himself and of his family, including
>food, clothing, housing and medical care and necessary social
>services, and the right to security in the event of unemployment,
>sickness, disability, widowhood, old age or other lack of
>livelihood in circumstances beyond his control.
>
>2. Motherhood and childhood are entitled to special care and
>assistance. All children, whether born in or out of wedlock,
>shall enjoy the same social protection.
>
>
> Article 26
>
>1. Everyone has the right to education. Education shall be
>free, at least in the elementary and fundamental stages.
>
>
> Universal Declaration of Human Rights: Page 5 of 6
>
>Elementary education shall be compulsory. Technical and
>professional education shall be made generally available and
>higher education shall be equally accessible to all on the basis
>of merit.
>
>2. Education shall be directed to the full development of the
>human personality and to the strengthening of respect for human
>rights and fundamental freedoms. It shall promote understanding,
>tolerance and friendship among all nations, racial or religious
>groups, and shall further the activities of the United Nations
>for the maintenance of peace.
>
>3. Parents have a prior right to choose the kind of education
>that shall be given to their children.
>
>
> Article 27
>
>1. Everyone has the right freely to participate in the cultural
>life of the community, to enjoy the arts and to share in
>scientific advancement and its benefits.
>
>2. Everyone has the right to the protection of the moral and
>material interests resulting from any scientific, literary or
>artistic production of which he is the author.
>
>
> Article 28
>
>Everyone is entitled to a social and international order in which
>the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration can be
>fully realized.
>
>
> Article 29
>
>1. Everyone has duties to the community in which alone the free
>and full development of his personality is possible.
>
>2. In the exercise of his rights and freedoms, everyone shall
>be subject only to such limitations as are determined by law
>solely for the purpose of securing due recognition and respect
>for the rights and freedoms of others and of meeting the just
>requirements of mortality, public order and the general welfare
>in a democratic society.
>
>3. These rights and freedoms may in no case be exercised
>contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations.
>
>
> Article 30
>
>Nothing in this Declaration may be interpreted as implying for
>any State, group or person any right to engage in any activity or
>to perform any act aimed at the destruction of any of the rights
>and freedoms set forth herein.
>
>
>
> Universal Declaration of Human Rights: Page 6 of 6
>
========================================================================
Paul Andrew Mitchell : Counselor at Law, federal witness
B.A., Political Science, UCLA; M.S., Public Administration, U.C. Irvine
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